Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment II > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Subjective Data

A 
Demographic
Reliability
Chief Complaint
HPI
PMH/FM/PSH
ROS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Objective Data

A 
Physical Exam
Vitals
Lungs
CV
Labs
Radiology
EKG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Macule

A

Flat, smaller than 1 cm (Freckle, measles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Patch

A

Flat, circumscribed, >1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Papules

A

Smaller than 1 cm, firm solid. (Wart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plaque

A

Papules together >1cm (eczema, psoriasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nodules

A

Solid elevations, hard or soft. >1cm (sebaceous cyst, fibromatosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Wheals

A

Superficial, raised, irregular. Caused by edema in epidermis. Transient. (PPD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Uritcaria

A

When wheals cohilesce to form reactions to allergens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vesicle

A

Elevated blister like cavities with fluid in up to 1cm (herpes, chicken pox)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bullae

A

Elevated, >1 cm cavities. Blister like. (Sunburn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Primary lesions

A 
Macules
Patches
Papules
Plauqe
Nodules
Wheals
Uriticaria
Vesicles
Bullae
Pustule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Secondary Lesions

A 
Cyst
Scales
Fissures
Crusts
Excoriations/abraisons
Erosions
Ulcers
Scars
Keloid
Atrophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vascular Lesions

A

Spider angiomas
Spider veins
Cherry angiomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Purpuric Lesions

A

Ecchymosis
Petechia

Blood outside the vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pustules

A

Vessicles filled with thicker fluid (acne, impetigo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cyst

A

Encapsulated, fluid filled cavity in the SQ or dermis. Hard and taught.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Scales

A

Compact, flakes of skin. Dry or greasy. Silver, white, yellow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fissures

A

Linear cracks with abrupt edges that extend (corners of mouth, athletes foot cracks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Crusts

A

Dried serum, pus, or blood mixed with debris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Excoriations/abraisons

A

Punctate or linear produced by mechanical means usually only the epidermis. Rarely dermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Erosions

A

Loss of all or portion of the epidermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ulcers

A

Round or irregular excavations that result in loss of dermis and epidermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Scars

A

New formations in the dermis or deeper parts as a result of injury. Healing process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Keloid

A

Firm, irregular shaped, thickened, hypertrophic, fibrous. Pink/red.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

ABCDE

A 
Asymmtery
Border
Color
Diameter (6mm or greater)
Evolving
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Impetigo

A

Red sores that form around the nose and mouth. Bacterial infection, sores burst and develop honey-colored crusts. (pustules, erosions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Wood light

A

Blue light that uses long wave UV light. When a scalp has ringwork, the fungus glows. A dermascope is a magnifying glass with woodlight and measuring tool.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A

Sternocleidomastoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Lymph nodes

A 
Preauricular/Postauricular
Occipital
Cervical 
Submental
Submaxillary
Submandibular
Clavicular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Lymph Node Assessment

A 
Location
Size
Delineation
Surface characteristics
Shape
Tenderness
Heat
Mobility
Consistency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Clubbing

A

Result of low oxygen saturation in the blood. The tips of fingers enlarge and the nails curve around the fingertips.

Normal 160
Clubbing 180

33
Q

Reasons for Hair Loss

A 
Hereditary
Age
Alopecia
Childbirth
Illnesses
Hormones
Cancer treatment
Hair styles
Chemicals
Scalp infection
Medications
Psoriasis
STI
Thyroid disease
Decreased Iron, Protein, Zinc
Friction
Poison
34
Q

When do patients ALWAYS need to seen by an opthamologist.

A

HTN, DM, Multiple Scleriosis, Arthritis (Lupus).

35
Q

Vision Tests

A

Snellen, Visual Fields, Occular Movements, Fundoscopy

Bruckner, Hirshberg, Corneal Light Reflex, Cover/Uncover

36
Q

Snellen Chart

A

20/20
Visual Acuity
1st- the distance the patient reads the chart
2nd- the distance at which a person with normal vision can read the same line

37
Q

Visual Fields

A

Peripheral vision

38
Q

Occular Movements

A

Alignment, cardinal gaze

39
Q

Bruckner

A

Color of red reflex, size of pupil, location of pinpoint of light

40
Q

Hirschberg

A

Strabismus, same spot on each side

41
Q

Cover/uncover

A

Strabismus (nystagmus)

42
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Bacterial/viral inflammation of the conjunctiva. Contagious, red, itchy, painful eyes.

43
Q

Hordeolum

A

Sty. Red, painful lump near the edge of the eyelid. Acute, localized swelling of the eyelid, eyelash follicle, and glands. Infected hair follice, usually staph.

44
Q

Chalazion

A

Non-infectious obstruction of a meibomian gland causing extravasation of irritating lipid material in the eyelid soft tissues with focal secondary granulomatous inflammation.

45
Q

Blepharitis

A

Inflammation of the eyelid that affects the eyelashes or tear production. Tiny oil glands of the inner eyelid become inflammed.

46
Q

Tear Ducts

A

Lubricates and protects.

Gives shape to the eyes.

47
Q

Inspection of the Uvula

A

Press tongue down and ask to say “ah”. Should look like a pendent, midline, and rise along the soft palate.

48
Q

Cranial Nerve 9 and 10

A

Vagus and Glossopharyngeal

49
Q

Tongue and salivary glands.

A

Have pt touch tip of tonuge to roof of mouth and inspect ventral surgace. Stick out; inspect deviation, color, texture, massess.

Parotid- cheek area below and in front of the ears; secrete saliva via stensons duct.

Submandibular-located in the floor of the oral cavity; saliva into mouth.

Sublingual- found under the tonuge.

50
Q

Tonsils

A

To assess the tonsils, a patient opens their mouth and a tongue blade is used to depress the tongue. A penlight is used to inspect the back of the patient’s throat, looking for pink, symmetrical and normal-size tonsils. Tonsil size is graded as follows:

1+ Visible
2+ Halfway between the tonsillar pillars and the uvula
3+ Touching the uvula
4+ Touching each other

51
Q

Ear

A

Balance and equilibrium

52
Q

Ear Tests

A

Weber- laterilization using a tuning fork on top of head. Louder in the bad ear because its not distracted by background noise.

Rinne- AC>BC. Mastoid processess.

53
Q

Otitis Externa vs Otitis Media

A

Otitis externa (swimmers ear)- infection of the outer ear canal that runs from eardrum to the outside of the head. Warmth and pain.

Otitis Media- Infection of the air filled space behind the ear drum (middle ear).

54
Q

Ear exam and structures you would see

A

Otoscopy- canal and TM
Use largest speculum possible. Up and back for adult/ Down and back for kids/smaller adults
Cone of light reflex- 5 R/ 7 L
Malleous handle, short process, incus, pars flaccid

Pearly, white, shiney (normal)

55
Q

Pneumatic Otoscopy

A

Introduce air to assess movement of the TM
Performation- no mobility
normal- vibrates

56
Q

Reasons for Epistaxis

A

Copious and short-term- Trauma or isolated incident

Chronic-drug therapies, chemotherapies, dry environment and fragile nasal mucosa

57
Q

Reasons for Hearing Loss

A 
Cerumen impaction
Paranoia/agitation
Aging
Presbycusis- degenerating hair cells (decreased hearing high pitches)
Syphallis
Rubella
Diabetes
Meningitis
Ear infections
Ototoxic agents
Headphones
58
Q

Normal Breathe Sounds

A

Tracheal
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular

59
Q

Adventitious Breathe Sounds

A 
Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchi
Stridor
Pleural Rubs
60
Q

Ribs

A

12 ribs posterior.
7-8 ICS landmark for thoracentesis
Chostrochondritis- inflammation of ICS

61
Q

Tactile Fremitus

A

Palmer or side of hand.
Vibration, assessment of the low-frequency vibration of a patients chest. Indirect measure of the amount of air and density of tissue present within the lungs. “99”

62
Q

Deformities of chest wall

A

AP diameter 2:1

Pectus excavatum “Funnel chest”

Pectus carinatum “Pidgeon” chest

Scoliosis

Kyphosis

63
Q

Murmur Grades

A 
1
2
3
4
5
6
64
Q

Systolic Murmurs

A

Mitral Regurgitation
Physiological Murmurs
Aortic Stenosis
Mitral Valve Prolapse

65
Q

Diastolic Murmurs

A

Aoritic regurg

Mitral Stenosis

66
Q

Cardiac Valves

A

Tricuspid
Pulmonic
Mitral
Aortic

67
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A

Narrowing of the opening of the valve that obstructs the flow of blood out of the left ventricle.

68
Q

Aortic Regurgitation

A

Leakage of blood from aorta back into the left ventricle during diastole

69
Q

Mitral Valve Prolapse

A

Inappropriate closure of the MV leaflet

70
Q

Mitral Stenosis

A

Narrowing of the MV, decreased blood flow into left ventricle during diastole.

71
Q

Mitral Regurgitation

A

Leakage of blood during systole from the left ventircle stroke volume back into the left atrium.

72
Q

What is listened for when assessing a murmur?

A

Timing, location, radiation, pitch, quality.

73
Q

Systole

A

S1

The contraction of the cardiac muscle tissue in the ventricles. S1 is the mitral and tricuspid closure, loudest at the apex. Synchronous with the carotid pulse.

74
Q

Diastole

A

S2

The relaxation of the cardiac muscle tissue in the ventricles. Coincides with the S2. Aortic and pulmonic closure, loudest at the base.

75
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

test that determines how well your heart pumps with each beat.

76
Q

Echocardiogram

A 
Wall Motion
EF and valves
Pericardial effusion or tamponade
Aortic root
Dissection
Pulmonary artery pressure
77
Q

Cardiac Palpation

A

PMI- 5th ICS
Massess, pain, tenderness, costocondritis
Subcutaneous emphysema

78
Q

PVD Tests

A

Allen’s- radial and ulnar hand circulation.
Buergers- leg circulation
Homans sign-DVT
Cap Refill- <2, 2.9 women

79
Q

Edema

A

Depress pretibial area and medial malleolus for 5 seconds. Grade +1-+4.

Health Assessment II (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions