Midterm

Question 1

Capitalism

Answer 1

Private ownership of the means of production for the purpose of producing profit

Question 2

Fordism

Answer 2

System of mass production invented by Henry Ford at automobile plant in Detroit in 1903 that which tied worker compensation with worker productivity and labor output based on an 8hour work day.

Question 3

Neoliberalism

Answer 3

Increasing encroachment of free-market competitiveness ideologies into both the economy and social life since the 1970s

Question 4

Urban Entrepreneuralism

Answer 4

Urban economic development strategy that involves political coalitions between local states or urban governments and private sector actors working together to promote local economic development

Question 5

Environmental Racism

Answer 5

Disproportionate exposure of people of color to environmental hazards and polluants.

Question 6

Gentrification

Answer 6

Transformation of a poorer area into a more middle-upper class one caused by in-migrating people of a higher socio-economic status

Question 7

Rent-Gap Thesis

Answer 7

• Difference between Capitalized Ground Rent (actual rent) and Potential Ground Rent (Highest rent after reinvestment)
  
  • Developers can buy buildings cheaply enough to pay renovation costs, interest on mortgages and construction loans and still sell the finished product for a profit.

Question 8

Redlining

Answer 8

Discrimination by financial institutions in lending practices based by residentce in primarly non-white neighborhoods (red line around the bad neighborhoods)

Question 9

Reverse-Redlining

Answer 9

When minorities are particulary sought after for expensive financial services such as subprime lending

Question 10

Metropolitain Fragmentation

Answer 10

The break up of metropolitain areas into many separate cities, juridiction and districts ( Around a big city will create more small town and districts because of surbubanization)

Question 11

City Regionalism

Answer 11

The movement to promote greater collaboration between what might have formerly been rival urban and suburban minicipalities in a metropolitain area.

Question 12

Revengism

Answer 12

Term to describe revenge of upper/middle classes on urban poor, driving them out of inner cities.

Question 13

Broken Window Thesis

Answer 13

Controversial law enforcement approach stressing rapid response to minor crimes. A quick response to minor crimes is thought to prevent more serious crimes.

Question 14

Zero Tolerance

Answer 14

Policies enforce punishment without compromise for any transgressions of the law.

Question 15

Business Improvement Districts

Answer 15

Districts where businesses pay a special levy on top of regular taxes to help fund various services for area businesses including street cleaning, private security, and special events.

Question 16

Private Security

Answer 16

Compagny or business which provides armed and unarmed security services and expertise to private and public clients.