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Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

What attributes of God were granted to man at creation ?

A 
Reason 
Moral capacity 
Spiritual capacity 
Sociability 
Emotion of man at the creation
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2
Q

What does human depravity mean ?

A

Man’s being has been wrapped up in sin

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3
Q

What are the three basic duties of government ?

A

Protect rights
Punish unrighteousness
Reward righteous

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4
Q

What punishment has been defining right of human government ?

A

Death penalty

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5
Q

What term means conformity to the standard of God’s character ?

A

Righteousness

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6
Q

What provides a model for modern government ?

A

The trinity

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7
Q

What is a system of public rule or authority ?

A

Government

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8
Q

What is anarchy ?

A

The absence of government rules

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9
Q

What is the name for the command for man to reflect the glories of the Maker across creation, back to his fellow man, and finally back to God ?

A

Creation Mandate

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10
Q

The blindfolded statue of Justice represents courts’

A

Impartiality

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11
Q

Love and devotion to one’s country is called

A

Patriotism

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12
Q

The European Union is a modern-day example of what type of government ?

A

Modern confederacy

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13
Q

With what form of government does the candidate who gets the highest percentage of votes wins the election even if he did not receive a majority of the votes cast ?

A

Majority plurality representation

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14
Q

What official is the head of parliamentary government ?

A

Prime minister

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15
Q

A new England town meeting is an example of what form of government ?

A

Direct democracy

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16
Q

What document marked the beginning of a democratic government in England ?

A

English Bill of Rights

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17
Q

What is the highest court in the United States ?

A

Supreme Court

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18
Q

What term means “Rule by one” ?

A

Monarchy

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19
Q

Under which type of government system does the national government have little or no power ?

A

Confederacy

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20
Q

What term means “government by the people” ?

A

Democracy

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21
Q

What people first practiced democracy ?

A

Greeks

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22
Q

What is not one of the branches of the federal government ?

A

Military

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23
Q

Which of the following governmental bodies is elected by popular vote ?

A

Congress

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24
Q

What are powers given to the national government by the Constitution that define the limits of its authority ?

A

Delegated

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25
Q

Who is the chief executive officer of the United States ?

A

President

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26
Q

What is the heart of American government ?

A

Constitution

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27
Q

What governmental system allows for public participation ?

A

Popular government

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28
Q

What is not necessarily a characteristic of a direct or pure democracy ?

A

Fraternity

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29
Q

Originally, what was the only body at the national level that was elected by direct popular vote ?

A

House of Representatives

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30
Q

Which of the following is not a necessary condition for a successful democratic system ?

A

Unanimous consent

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31
Q

Identify and explain the five principles of democratic government

A

Majority rule- the majority of the votes of the people
Equality- political or liberal equality
Liberty- fundamentals of liberal characteristics
Individual worth- the fundamentals of each individual

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32
Q

For what two main reasons did people oppose ratification of the Constitution ?

A

No bill of rights and little power to the states

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33
Q

What two factors allowed colonial self-government to grow during the colonial period ?

A

British neglecting the colonies and the distant between the colonies

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34
Q

Who did the Second Continental appoint to lead the Continental Army ?

A

George Washington

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35
Q

What terms for local government positions point to the French influence on colonial America ?

A

Sheriff, Bailiff, township, and judge

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36
Q

Under _________________, three-fifths of the slave populations would count for representation and taxation purposes

A

Three-fifths compromise

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37
Q

The Federalists __________________ of adoption of the new Constitution

A

Supported

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38
Q

A leading Anti-Federalist

A

George Mason

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39
Q

Father of the Constitution

A

James Madison

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40
Q

Primary author of the Declaration of Independence

A

Thomas Jefferson

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41
Q

Primary author of the Federalists Papers

A

Alexander Hamilton

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42
Q

Originator of social contract theory of government

A

John Locke

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43
Q

Uncompromising compromiser

A

Roger Sherman

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44
Q

Which was the last state to ratify the Articles of Confederation ?

A

Maryland

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45
Q

Whose writings in Second Treatise on Civil Government greatly influenced the founding ?

A

John Locke

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46
Q

Which of the following was not an English Influence on colonial government ?

A

Federalism

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47
Q

What year was the first legislative assembly organized in the New World ?

A

1619

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48
Q

What king ascended to the throne of England in 1760 ?

A

George III

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49
Q

A trade disputes between Virginia and Maryland, as well as Shay’s Rebellion, highlighted the weaknesses of what document ?

A

Articles of Confederation

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50
Q

In what city did the Constitutional Convention meet ?

A

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

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51
Q

Which of the following was not the pseudonym of a writer who opposed the Constitution ?

A

Publius

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52
Q

What law did the 1765 Stamp Act violate ?

A

Petition of Right

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53
Q

Who led an uprising among farmers in Massachusetts who feared prison sentences for indebtedness ?

A

Daniel Shays

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54
Q

Contrast the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, and identity the type of state that supported each plan

A

The Virginia plan was advocated by a bicameral congress. It representatives by the state population. It was supported by the larger states. The New Jersey Plan was advocated by a strong government. Also, was a unicameral congress. Supported but the smaller states.

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55
Q

Abolished slavery

A

Thirteenth Amendment

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56
Q

Gave eighteen-year-olds the vote

A

Twenty-sixth Amendment

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57
Q

Guarantees freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly , and petition

A

First Amendment

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58
Q

Limits the president to two terms or no more than ten years in office

A

Twenty-second Amendment

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59
Q

Provides the clearest constitutional statement of the principle of federalism

A

Tenth Amendment

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60
Q

Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment

A

Eighth Amendment

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61
Q

Guarantees the right to bear arms

A

Second Amendment

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62
Q

Gave woman the vote

A

Nineteenth Amendment

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63
Q

Whatever two ways constitutional amendments can be proposed ?

A

2/3 vote of the house of congress and national convention of 2/3 of the state

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64
Q

What rare the first ten amendments called ?

A

Bill of rights

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65
Q

Define libel

A

Deframing a person in writing

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66
Q

Define franchise

A

The right to vote

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67
Q

______________ is the head of the Senate but votes only of there _______

A

Vice President

Tie

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68
Q

This occurs when the president does not sign a bill within ten days of receiving it and Congress adjourns within that time

A

Pocket veto

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69
Q

Drawing district lines to benefit one group or party over another is called

A

Gerrymandering

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70
Q

An official who is still in office but who was not reelected is known as

A

A lame duck

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71
Q

What country has the oldest written constitution in effect today ?

A

United States

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72
Q

Which Supreme Court case expanded the Third and Fourth Amendments to imply a right to privacy as one of American citizens’ fundamental rights ?

A

Griswold v Connecticut

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73
Q

Which president broke the two-term precedent set by George Washington ?

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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74
Q

Who was the first Vice President to assume the presidency after the death of a president ?

A

John Tyler

75
Q

What article of the Constitution makes provision for amending the document ?

A

Article V

76
Q

What is the only amendment to the Constitution to be ratified by state conventions ?

A

Twenty-first

77
Q

Which Supreme Court case established the right of judicial review ?

A

Marbury vs Madison

78
Q

Of the thousands of amendments that have been proposed, how many have actually been ratified ?

A

27

79
Q

Which branch of government makes the law ?

A

Legislative

80
Q

What is the idea that the people are the ultimate source of their government’s power ?

A

Popular sovereignty

81
Q

“I pledged loyalty to only one special interest group: ‘We the people’”

A

Ronald Reagan

82
Q

“Save in the defense of my native State, I never desire again to draw my sword”

A

Robert E Lee

83
Q

“[I]n America the legislature of each state is supreme; nothing can impede its authority”

A

Alexis de Tocqueville

84
Q

“[S]uch a power is not expressly given by the Constitution and believing …. it can not be deduced from any part of it … I have no option but to [veto the bill]
“The federal and State governments are in fact but differ met agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers and designed for different purposes”

A

James Madison

85
Q

Where in the Constitution are the powers of the states made apparent ?

A

Tenth Amendment

86
Q

Before the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1865, identifying with one’s __________ was often more important than national identity

A

State

87
Q

What term means a system in which the national and state levels are sovereign within their own spheres ?

A

Dual federalism

88
Q

What term means federal programs that supply money for specific purposes within state and local governments ?

A

Categorical grants

89
Q

Which amendment established a federal income tax?

A

Sixteenth Amendment

90
Q

The New Deal was an economic program associated with the presidency of

A

Franklin Roosevelt

91
Q

What form of government is based on limiting government by distributing and dividing power among several government levels and organizations ?

A

Federalism

92
Q

Delegated powers are those powers given to which level of government ?

A

National

93
Q

What is the source of implied powers ?

A

Enumerated powers

94
Q

With which level of government are the reserved powers generally associated ?

A

National

95
Q

Which Supreme Court case determined the states may not raise revenue at the expense of the federal government ?

A

McCulloch v Maryland

96
Q

What is the source of local government ?

A

State government

97
Q

Since 1913, what has provided a continuous source of money for the national government ?

A

Income tax

98
Q

Theodore Bilbo

A

Mississippi

99
Q

Harry Byrd

A

Virginia

100
Q

E. H. Crump

A

Memphis

101
Q

Richard Daley

A

Chicago

102
Q

Huey Long

A

Louisiana

103
Q

Tom Pendergast

A

Missouri

104
Q

“Boss” Tweed

A

New York City

105
Q

Any registered voter may vote in the primary of any one party

A

Open primary

106
Q

The candidate with the most votes, regardless of the percentage of votes cast, is the winner

A

Winner-takes-all

107
Q

Candidates’ political party affiliations are not identified on the ballot

A

Top-two method

108
Q

Only voters registered with a particular party may participate in that party’s primary

A

Closed primary

109
Q

What title is given to a state’s chief officer of its executive branch ?

A

Governor

110
Q

List three types of special districts

A

Water districts, library, fire department

111
Q

In what types of election do voters for a particular party cast votes to determine which of two or more candidates of that party will face the candidate of the opposing party ?

A

Primary election

112
Q

Which constitutional amendment states that all powers not specifically delegated to the national government or prohibited to the states belong to the states ?

A

Tenth

113
Q

What form of government does the constitution guarantee for each state ?

A

Republican

114
Q

Is eligibility requirements for voting are the same for all the states ?

A

No

115
Q

Who said, “All politics is local” ?

A

Tip O’Neill

116
Q

Which state is the only one that has a unicameral legislature ?

A

Nebraska

117
Q

Which if the following is NOT a characteristic of a strong governor ?

A

Works with an elected

118
Q

Which form of tax makes up the largest percentage (30 percent) of state tax revenue across all fifty states ?

A

Property tax

119
Q

Which term is NOT applied to the basic unit into which all states are divided ?

A

Special district

120
Q

A governing system whereby a city and its surrounding country are administered by the same governing boys is called

A

Unified government

121
Q

The lowest divisions of political organizations are called

A

Precincts

122
Q

Which process allows voters to remove an elected official from office by holding a special election ?

A

Recall

123
Q

Which process allows voters to repeal changes to their state’s constitution, charters, or laws passed by the legislature ?

A

Referendum

124
Q

Which constitutional clause ensures that each state recognizes the validity of the other states’ sovereignty ?

A

Full faith and credit clause

125
Q

What term means the legal process of returning an alleged criminal to the state in which he was charged ?

A

Extradition

126
Q

The goal of a political party is to

A

Win elections

127
Q

First female member of the House of Representatives

A

Jeanette Rankin

128
Q

First Speaker of the House

A

Fredrick Muhlenberg

129
Q

First female Speaker of the House

A

Nancy Pelosi

130
Q

Longest-serving Speaker of the House

A

Henry Clay

131
Q

Most powerful Speaker of the House

A

Joe Cannon

132
Q

Longest-serving Republican Speaker of the House

A

Dennis Hastert

133
Q

Speaker who orchestrated the Contract with America

A

Next Gingrich

134
Q

What is the most populous branch of Congress called ?

A

House of Representatives

135
Q

What is it called when members of different parties unite to supporter defeat a particular piece of legislation ?

A

Coalition

136
Q

What is thermal source of power for members of the House and the Senate ?

A

The skills and leadership of each help

137
Q

Which branch of Congress has equal membership for each state ?

A

Senate

138
Q

In which branch of Congress is membership based on population ?

A

House of Representatives

139
Q

What terms means a seemingly unnecessary trip by a member of Congress ?

A

Junkit

140
Q

The Constitution requires that a census be taken every ________ years

A

10

141
Q

The president of the Untied States can either sign a bill or _______ it

A

Veto

142
Q

What is redrawing of congressional district lines to reflect population shifts is called ?

A

Reapportionment

143
Q

Where do all revenue bills originate ?

A

House of Representatives

144
Q

Who determines the leadership in Congress ?

A

The majority party

145
Q

How many representatives are in the House ?

A

435

146
Q

Which amendment provided for the direct election of senators ?

A

Seventeenth Amendment

147
Q

What is the most powerful position of leadership in the House ?

A

Speaker

148
Q

What is the most powerful position of leadership in the Senate ?

A

Majority leader

149
Q

Who serves as president of the Senate ?

A

Vice President of the United States

150
Q

What type of committee is created for a specific purpose, generally to investigate a specific problem or issue ?

A

Select committee

151
Q

What type of committee has members from both houses and serves primarily as an advisory board to other committees ?

A

Joint committee

152
Q

What type of committee is temporary, has members from both houses, and works out a compromise agreement on a bill that has emerged from both houses in different forms ?

A

Conference committee

153
Q

Which is no tone of the major stages a bill must go through to be approved ?

A

Filibuster stage

154
Q

What is the term for the redrawing of district lines to benefit one political party at the expense of another ?

A

Gerrymandering

155
Q

Which of the following is not a position of leadership in Congress ?

A

Chief Justice

156
Q

Explain the process by which a bill becomes a law

A

Introduced to congress
Goes to the committee to be either veto or pass
Once it passes, it goes to the house to be discussed
Then it goes to congress to be looked at and look over the revised version
It goes to the president to be either be veto, passed, or do nothing

157
Q

What are the two basic purposes of the presidential primary ?

A

Opening up the nomination process to more candidates and make national delegates selection more democratic

158
Q

What term means voting for a weak candidate in an opposing party’s primary to cause greater difficulty in the major opponent’s nomination ?

A

Crossover voting

159
Q

What term means party leaders and officeholders who serve as uncommitted delegates to party’s national convention ?

A

Superdelegates

160
Q

When does the presidential election take place ?

A

Tuesday after the first Monday of November

161
Q

What event highlight of the first day of a party’s national convention ?

A

Keynote address

162
Q

Who chooses the vice-presidential candidate today ?

A

Presidential nominee

163
Q

What is the minimum number of electoral votes needed for a candidate to win the presidency ?

A

270

164
Q

How is a president chosen if no candidate wins a majority of the electoral votes cast ?

A

The House of Representatives with each state with one vote to choose the president

165
Q

What do the media use to predict the outcome of elections ?

A

Exit polls

166
Q

What are the two main paths to the presidency ?

A

A successful military career and a coming up in lower politics

167
Q

What term means a convention requiring lengthy balloting and an eventual settlement by means of bargaining and comprise ?

A

Brokered Convention

168
Q

As the major parties have become more democratized, the traditional party organizational mechanism has gotten

A

Weaker/more liberal

169
Q

Originally, the vie president was decided by

A

The runner up

170
Q

What method was proposed to give the people a stronger voice in choosing the parties’ candidates to run for the presidency ?

A

Direct primaries

171
Q

Which was the first state to hold a direct primary ?

A

Wisconsin

172
Q

How are candidates chosen in most states that do not hold primary elections ?

A

Caucuses

173
Q

What type of primary requires participants to be registered members of one party and vote only for the candidates from the party ?

A

Closed primary

174
Q

Which two states hold the first caucus and first primary respectively in an election year ?

A

Iowa and New Hampshire

175
Q

What is the party’s formal statement of its positions on current issues called ?

A

Platform

176
Q

Which presidential election had the first televised debate ?

A

1960

177
Q

What was established by the founding fathers to give the small states an equal voice in who is elected president ?

A

Electoral College

178
Q

Which of the following was not catapulted to the White House by a successful military career ?

A

Abraham Lincoln

179
Q

How many times has the House of Representatives had to decide the winner in a presidential election ?

A

Two

180
Q

Which amendment moved the presidential inauguration from March 4 to January 20 ?

A

Twentieth

181
Q

Who was the first president inaugurated in Washington, D.C. ?

A

Thomas Jefferson

182
Q

Who was the only president to take the oath of office in an airplane ?

A

Lyndon Johnson

183
Q

Which president started the tradition of the inaugural parade ?

A

Thomas Jefferson

Government (20 decks)

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