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Philosophy > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

The examination of the way in which we judge, evaluate, and act

A

Philosophy

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2
Q

What was the Socratic method

A

Process of learning through question and answer

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3
Q

What is cosmology

A

Study of the nature of the world

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4
Q

What did the milesians think

A

All things in earth were of earth fire water and air

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5
Q

What did the stocks believe of the natural world

A

It exists due to the power of reason

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6
Q

Name a famous stoic

A

Marcus Aurelius

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7
Q

What is natural law

A

The order with which the universe was created

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8
Q

What is epistemology

A

The study of knowledge

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9
Q

What is empiricism

A

All human knowledge comes from the 5 senses

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10
Q

What is rationalism

A

Some human knowledge comes from reason, therefore we know something’s that the senses don’t reveal

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11
Q

Follower of Socrates

A

Plato

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12
Q

First philosopher

A

Thales

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13
Q

Believed in atomism

A

Lucretius

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14
Q

Pupil of Plato

A

Aristotle

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15
Q

Invented analytic geometry

A

Descartes

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16
Q

Invented differential calculus

A

Leibniz

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17
Q

Who invented natural law

A

The stoics

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18
Q

Who wrote an essay concerning human understanding

A

Locke

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19
Q

Wrote principles of knowledge

A

Berkeley

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20
Q

Wrote a treatise on human nature

A

Hume

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21
Q

Who wrote critique of pure reason

A

Kant

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22
Q

Charged with corrupting the youth of Athens

A

Socrates

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23
Q

How was Socrates killed

A

Punished to drink hemlock (poison)

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24
Q

What does philosophy literally mean

A

Love of wisdom

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25
Q

Who created the recollection theory

A

Plato

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26
Q

What was the recollection theory

A

We already possess all knowledge, and it is gradually remembered as we do certain things

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27
Q

What did the tabula rasa literally mean

A

Blank tablet

28
Q

Who made the tabula rasa

29
Q

What was the tabula rasa

A

Our mind is blank, and is written on by experience as we do things

30
Q

What did Heraclitus think of metaphysics

A

There is continuous change to everything

31
Q

What did Parmenides think on metaphysics

A

Being is a permanent unchanging part of reality

32
Q

What were aristotles four principles of cause

A

Material cause
Formal cause
Efficient cause
Final cause

33
Q

What was material cause

A

What is it that changes

34
Q

What is formal cause

A

What does it change to

35
Q

What is efficient cause

A

What makes the change

36
Q

What is final cause

A

For what reason does it change

37
Q

In what image is the soul made

A

The image of God

38
Q

Who created the concept of the levels of the soul and time

39
Q

First level of the soul

A

The soul gives life to the body

40
Q

Second level of the soul

A

The soul controls the senses

41
Q

Third level of the soul

A

The soul is becoming the maker of language and culture

42
Q

Fourth level of the soul

A

Ethics, virtue, and death are those who help and take

43
Q

Fifth level of the soul

A

The soul seeks something higher (God)

44
Q

Sixth level of the soul

A

Intellectual vision

45
Q

Seventh level of the soul

A

Highest level

46
Q

What does time consist of

A

The last and future. The present is reduced to a vanishing point

47
Q

What is Cartesian dualism

A

Relationship between the mind and the body are apart from each other

48
Q

What is Hobbes materialism

A

The physical world and mental world are all materialistic

49
Q

What is free will

A

Freedom of humans is assumed in the sense that we aren’t limited to a predetermined destiny

50
Q

What is determinism

A

The future is fixed and there is nothing anyone can do to alter the course of events

51
Q

What is conscience sometimes called

A

The voice of God

52
Q

What is eternal law

A

States all things must be in gods image

53
Q

Utilitarianism

A

Everyone should seek the greatest happiness for the greatest amount of people

54
Q

What argument for gods existence is anselm known for

A

Ontological

55
Q

The 5 proofs of gods existence

A 
Motion
Cause
Necessity
From finite limited perfections to infinite unlimited perfection
Supreme intelligence and order
56
Q

Who listed the 5 proofs for gods existence

A

Thomas aquinas

57
Q

God is the uncaused cause and an efficient cause

58
Q

God is the supreme intelligence

59
Q

Support the conclusion. To the necessity of an intelligent creator

60
Q

Which 3 ancient philosophers does John Paul ii mention

A

Aquinas
Aristotle
Augustine

61
Q

Who began his book with question of gods existence

A

John m. Quinn

62
Q

What is Pascal’s wager theory

A

You don’t lose anything if you live a moral life and believe in God, and if your belief is true then you get to go to heaven. But if you don’t believe in God yet live a moral life there may be a chance that you lose everything.

63
Q

What did the sophists do

A

Spread their beliefs for money

64
Q

What does cogito ergo sum mean

A

I think therefore I am

65
Q

What are Descartes 3 co celts of reality

A

God
Mind
Matter

Philosophy (8 decks)

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