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Health Psychology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

Health Psychology

A

Looks at the interplay between psychology and physical health
- relationship between mind and body

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2
Q

Effects personality has on your health

A

Negative views of aging: 15 years
Positive views of again: 22 years
(7 year difference)

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3
Q

Biopsychosocial model

A

A new approach to disease outcomes

- takes biological, psychological,social factors into account

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4
Q

Trephination

A

Form of operation hole in skull

- Stone Age: evil spirits

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5
Q

Torture

A

You did something bad, you deserve it

- Middle Age: God’s punishment

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6
Q

Renaissance

A

Organ and cell pathology

- Leeches: blood letters

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7
Q

Mid 1700s

A

Capillary Tension

- First Discovery

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8
Q

1800s

A

Comfort

- Doctors didn’t do much

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9
Q

1900s

A 
Biomedical model
- All illness had a biomedical cause
- All illness can be cured with the RIGHT drug
Success: acute illness 
Failure: chronic illness
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10
Q

1960s+

A

Biopsychosocial model

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11
Q

Most common causes of death

A 
Cardiovascular disease 
Cancers
Strokes
Unintentional disease
Suicide
- behaviors associated with these include: smoking, alcohol, fat
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12
Q

Why do we need biopsychosocial model

A
  • Two people with the same issue may have different disease outcome
  • Beliefs about illness matter
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13
Q

Stress

A

A negative emotion experience that are accompanied by cognitive, behavioral changes

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14
Q

4 types of stressors

A
  1. Physical: Heat, cold, pain, hunger
  2. Psychological: exams money
  3. Acute: immediate attention, don’t last long - physical
  4. Chronic: do not require immediate action, last long - psychological
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15
Q

Six key moments of stress

A
  1. Fight of flight
  2. General adaptation syndrome
  3. Stressful life events
  4. Stress appraisal
  5. Threat vs Challenge
  6. Tend and befriend
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16
Q

Hans Selye

A

Experienced on rats:
Enlarged adrenal glands
Shrunken lymph nodes
Bleeding ulcers

17
Q

Autonomic Nervous system

A
  • Sympathetic nervous system
    Fight or flight
  • Parasympathetic nervous system
    Calm
18
Q

How does stress effect your body

A 
Mobilizes energy
Raises heart rate/blood pressure 
Slows digestion 
Blunts pain
Speeds aging
Suppresses immune system
19
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology

A

Psycho: beliefs, thoughts, stress
Neuro: central and peripheral
Immune system: defends the body against infectious agents

20
Q

2 types of immunity

A 
Innate: first line of defense 
- Natural killer cells
- Macrophage 
- Antigen presenting cells 
- The phils
Eosinophils , Basophils, Neutrophils

Specific immunity: takes time acquired

  • Helper T cells
  • Cytotoxic killer T Cells
  • B Cells
  • Memory Cells
21
Q

Taste Aversion

A

You avoid foods that make you sick

- conditioned nausea (Hans Seyle’s rats)

22
Q

Immuno-suppressive drug

A

Suppresses your immune system

23
Q

Proinflammatory Cytokines

A
  • specific immunity: coordinates the function of other immune cells
  • innate immunity: leads to inflammation (fever)
24
Q

Coping

A

Cognitive, emotional, or emotional support to manage stressors

25
Q

Emotion-focused

A

To reduce or manage the distress from the stressor

26
Q

Problem focused

A

Efforts to solve or alter stressors

27
Q

Active coping

A

Active efforts to do something about stressors

28
Q

Avoidant coping

A

Denying or avoiding there is a stressor

29
Q

4 types of social support

A
  1. Emotional support
  2. Belonging support
  3. Tangible support (loan)
  4. Informational support (advice)
30
Q

3 aspects of social support

A
  1. Social integration
  2. Social network properties (quantity of friends)
  3. Function (perceived v. received)
31
Q

Social isolation

A

Rejection leads to social pain, gets ill often

Consequences: mortality risk, mental health, physical health

32
Q

How does marriage improve health?

A

Prevents social rejection and isolation

Leads to healthier behaviors

33
Q

Factors that influence illness and adjustments

A

Having control over situation
Having perceived control over your situation
Writing about your issues

34
Q

Bereavement

A

Especially the loss of one’s spouse leads to physical illness or maybe death

35
Q

Kubler-Ross stages of grief

A
  1. Disbelief
  2. Yearning
  3. Anger
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance
36
Q

Things that don’t help bereaved people

A

Discouraging them from openly expressing themselves

Encouraging them to get on with things

37
Q

Things that do help bereaved people

A

Regular contact
Just being there
Permitting them to talk about their feelings

Health Psychology (3 decks)

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