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Health Psychology > Final II > Flashcards

Final II Flashcards

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1
Q

Type A personality

A
  1. Aggressive and hostile
  2. Sense of competitiveness and ambition
  3. Exaggerated sense of time and urgencies, creates deadlines
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2
Q

Types A personality health study

A

Results: men are twice as likely to get and die from heart disease

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3
Q

Type A personality Stress response

A

Have a larger physiological stress response

  • larger heart rate increase
  • larger blood pressure increases
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4
Q

Optimism

A

Belief that one will generally experience good outcomes

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5
Q

Optimists and health study (law students)

A

Better immune function

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6
Q

Optimism and health: HIV Study

A

The more optimism levels increased:

  • Improved medication adherence
  • Fewer side effects
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7
Q

Name the two Implicit theories

A

Entity mindset and incremental mindset

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8
Q

Entity mindset

A

Fixed: the belief that human attributes are relatively static
Ex. Donald trump

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9
Q

Incremental mindset

A

Growth: the belief that human attributes can be cultivated

Ex. I think I can train

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10
Q

Neuroticism

A

Tendency to worry excessively over minor events and setbacks

  • linked to depression
  • may lead to poor health behaviors
  • may lead to poor stress management
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11
Q

Conscientiousness

A

The tendency to be careful, deliberate, self disciplined, thorough, organized

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12
Q

Conscientiousness and health study

A

Kids with high IQs

  • conscientiousness was the best predictor of longevity
  • conscientious kids were less likely to die of non health behavior related illness
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13
Q

Socioeconomic status (SES)

A

Income education prestige of occupation

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14
Q

Oscar winners and health

A

Compared to academy award winners to other actors in same film

  • winners lived 4 years longer than other actors
  • multiple winners lived 6.5 years long
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15
Q

List of unhealthy race

A

African Americans

Minority groups BUT Asians

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16
Q

Acculturation

A

The process of cultural exchange resulting from intercultural contact (years in the US, english language proficiency, cultural transmutation)
- linked to worse stress

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17
Q

Culture

A

Culture is to society what memory is to individuals

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18
Q

Nociception

A

Receptors in central and peripheral that respond to stimuli
Mechanical (crushing)
Chemical (poison)
Thermal (burns)

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19
Q

Nociceptors are attached to what 2 fibers

A

A delta fibers: warning alarm to move

C fibers: signal an injury has occurred

20
Q

Pain

A

A conscious experience

21
Q

Suffering

A

An emotional response

  • can happen in the absence of pain
  • pain can happen without suffering
22
Q

Gate control theory

A

Incorporates both the psychological and physiological side of pain

23
Q

T or F: infants don’t feel pain

A

False

24
Q

T or F: children don’t feel pain as intense as adults

A

False

25
Q

T or F: opioids can be used safely to treat pain

A

True

26
Q

T or F: Pain is a normal part of the aging process

A

FALSE

27
Q

What helps with people cope with short term pain

A

Distraction

Social support

28
Q

Placebo

A

Any medical procedure that produces an effect in a patient because of its therapeutic intent

29
Q

How to test for placebo effects

A

Group one: real drugs
Group two: placebo
Placebo is better than no treatment

30
Q

Skin rash study

A

Non poisonous group were told its poisonous: developed rash

Real poison group were told its non: no rash

31
Q

Placebo acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome

A

Wait list subjects reported 28% pain relief

Sham acupuncture reported 44% pain relief

32
Q

Placebo morphine with dental surgery

A

Iv drip of morphine
Iv drip of saline
Both groups reported high levels of pain relief

33
Q

What determines if placebos work?

A
  1. How health care providers behave
  2. Characteristics of the patient
  3. Situational factors
  4. Social norms
34
Q

How do placebos work

A

Decrease anxiety
endorphins release
classical conditioning
Expectations

35
Q

Brain Imaging of placebo effect

A

Placebo responders had increased activity in opioid receptors

36
Q

Nocebo effects

A

Inactive substance causes unpleasant effects

  • pain
  • hair loss
  • nausea
  • asthma
37
Q

Features of a good doctor patient relationship

A
  1. Social qualities
    - manners
  2. Therapeutic
    - trust, empathy
  3. Appreciation of expertise
38
Q

T or F: doctors underestimate the amount of information patients want

A

True

Doctors withhold information because they fear negative emotional reactions from the patient

39
Q

Many facets of communication behavior

A
  1. Content: instrumental v affective
  2. Modality: verbal v nonverbal
  3. Privacy behavior
  4. Controlling
  5. Language: medical jargon v everyday terms
40
Q

Monitors personality

A

Want to be aware of everything happening in the body

41
Q

Blunders

A

Try to distract and blunt sensations rather than feel them

42
Q

Happiness is related to:

A

Age

43
Q

Happiness is not related to

A

Gender
ethnicity
Your physical appearance

44
Q

Strategies to make the best of things:

A

PRP
Permission: to be human and fallible
Reconstruct: what went wrong and come up with useful lessons for the future
Perspective: this problem doesn’t matter too much

45
Q

Kindness study

A

Subjects were happier when they spend money on others

46
Q

Can happiness make you healthier

A

Maybe
Linked to longer lifespan in studies of healthy population
- reducing stress
- increase size of social network

Health Psychology (3 decks)

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