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Bio 224 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cells found in tubes of both the lymphatic system and the cardiovascular system:

A

Macrophages
Lymphocytes
Hepatocytes

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2
Q

Of the leukocytes (white blood cells) produced in bone marrow, which are not phagocytic?

A

Lymphocytes

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3
Q

4 secondarily retroperitoneal structures of the posterior body wall:

A

Duodenum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Pancreas

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4
Q

Dr. Sumida’s radial artery running into his hand was blocked by a ganglion cyst. Fortunately collateral circulation from what arteries could continue to supply his hand?

A

Ulnar artery and superficial palmar arch

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5
Q

What is the last tributary of the SVC before it empties into the right atrium?

A

azygous vein

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6
Q

When lungs expand, where do they never reach?

A

cupola

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7
Q

What arterial vessel is most likely to be harvested for use in coronary bypass surgery?

A

Internal thoracic

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8
Q

Muscular columns that help attach the diaphragm to the ventral surfaces of lumbar vertebrae:

A

Crura

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9
Q

Structure at which gas exchange in the lung take place:

A

Alveoli

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10
Q

What does the brachiocephalic trunk, aortic and carotid sensory bodies have in common?

A

All associated with aortic arches 3 & 4

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11
Q

Arterial supply of the heart:

A

Coronary arteries

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12
Q

Venous drainage of the heart:

A

Cardiac veins

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13
Q

Sympathetic innervation/levels of the heart:

A

T1-4 (sometimes 5)

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14
Q

Sympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic synapse of heart:

A

Upper cervical ganglia

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15
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the heart:

A

Vagus nerve

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16
Q

Right vagus nerve of the heart innervates:

A

SA node

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17
Q

Left vagus nerve of the heart innervates:

A

AV node

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18
Q

Pacemaker of heart:

A

Sinoatrial node

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19
Q

End of internal iliac artery used to be…?

A

Umbilical artery in the placenta

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20
Q

Structure that carries the most highly oxygenated blood in a fetus?

A

Ductus arteriosus

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21
Q

Diaphragm innervated by what segmented levels?

A

C3-5

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22
Q

Arterial supply of the lungs:

A

Pulmonary arteries

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23
Q

Venous drainage of the lungs:

A

Pulmonary veins

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24
Q

Sympathetic innervation/levels of the lungs:

A

T1-4

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25
Q

Sympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic synapse of lungs:

A

Under sympathetic trunk ganglia

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26
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the lungs:

A

Vagus nerve

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27
Q

Deeper breathing caused by detection of:

A

Greater acidity (lower pH) by the medullary rhythmicity center

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28
Q

Lymphatic vessel that drains 3/4 of the body tissues dumps into the cardiovascular system at the junction:

A

Left subclavian and jugular veins

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29
Q

Gathers lymphatic tissue of legs, abdomen, left side of thorax, left arm, left side of head

A

Thoracic duct

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30
Q

Last quarter of body; drains right arm, right side of head

A

Right lymphatic duct

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31
Q

3 branches of subclavian from proximal to distal

A

Vertebral artery a.
Internal thoracic a.
Thyrocervical trunk

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32
Q

6 branches of axillary from proximal to distal

A 
Supreme thoracic a.
Thoracocromial a.
Lateral thoracic a.
Anterior humeral circumflex a.
Posterior humeral circumflex a.
Subscapular a.
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33
Q

Arch 1

A

Maxillary artery

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34
Q

Arch 2

A

DISAPPEARS

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35
Q

Arch 3

A

Carotid artery

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36
Q

Arch 4

A

Left side of aorta

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37
Q

Arch 5

A

DISAPPEARS

38
Q

Arch 6

A

Pulmonary artery

39
Q

What level is the carina at?

A

T4

40
Q

4 examples of hypaxial muscles

A

Scalene
External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Diaphragm

41
Q

First branch of descending aorta in the abdominal region is the:

A

Inferior phrenic artery

42
Q

First branch of descending aorta in the abdominal region is the:

A

Inferior phrenic artery

43
Q

First brach of the subclavian artery passes through:

A

Transverse foramina and the foramen magnum

44
Q

Located close to capillaries that lead to the hepatic portal system

A

Lacteals

45
Q

What is the next blood vessel a white blood cell enters after entering a lymph node along the thoracic duct?

A

Thoracic duct again

46
Q

If the basilar artery is closed, blood can reach the circulosus arterioles cerebra via:

A

Right and left vertebral arteries

47
Q

What do veins and lymph vessels have in common?

A

Drainage into the right brachiocephalic vein

48
Q

A vascular system bounded by a capillary bed at both ends is known as:

A

Portal system

49
Q

First pair of branches of the aorta after it exits the left ventricle of an adult?

A

Coronary arteries

50
Q

Veins have little or no…

A

Tunica media

51
Q

Intrinsic regulation of the heartbeat passes along conducting tissues in the heart in what order?

A

Sinoatrial node> atrioventricular node> atrioventricular bundle

52
Q

Lymphoid component of the embryonic foregut:

A

Spleen

53
Q

A red blood cell in the hemiazygous vein will move to what named blood vessel next:

A

Azygous vein

54
Q

Damage to segmental nerve level C4 would impair:

A

Scalene and diaphragm

55
Q

Organ that removes dead/dying red blood cells from the blood stream:

A

Spleen

56
Q

First two branches of internal iliac artery:

A

Iliolumbar and lateral sacral arteries

57
Q

Vessel that brings fetal blood to the uterine-placental interface is a branch of the:

A

Umbilical vein

58
Q

C3, 4, & 5…

A

keeps the diaphragm alive

59
Q

Most ventral in chest

A

Thymus gland

60
Q

5 lymphatic structures

A 
lymph nodes
spleen
pier's patches
tonsils
thymus gland
61
Q

3 types of tonsils

A

pharyngeal, palatine, lingual

62
Q

In the adult, left recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks around:

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

63
Q

Adjacent cavities that are not separated by a structural partition

A

Pelvic and abdominal cavity

64
Q

Blood type AB can receive donations from:

A

A, B, AB, O

65
Q

First major branch of femoral artery:

A

Profunda femoral artery

66
Q

Doesn’t pierce the diaphragm:

A

Trachea

67
Q

Where would a doctor need to stick a needle in order to remove an air bubble from the lungs?

A

8th intercostal space

68
Q

Which germ layer contributes the lungs?

A

ALL

69
Q

What germ layer contributes to nerves in and out?

A

Ectoderm

70
Q

What germ layer contributes to the inner lining of the trachea and lungs?

A

Endoderm

71
Q

What germ layer contributes to blood vessels going in with deoxygenated blood and out with oxygenated blood?

A

Mesoderm

72
Q

What germ layer contributes to the rings that hold the trachea open?

A

Neural crest

73
Q

3 main vessels that branch off the celiac trunk?

A

Gastric
Hepatic
Splenic

74
Q

Structures that monitor blood pH have what in common with the trunk?

A

Both derived from mesoderm

75
Q

For an angiogram to make its way from your right wrist to your heart, the catheter would follow an arterial route back to the heart in what sequence: (7)

A

Radial, brachial, axillary, subclavian, brachiocephalic, arch of aorta, coronary

76
Q

Which of the following is not a consequence of the migration of the developing embryonic heart?

A

Positioning of the heart ventral to the pharynx

77
Q

A nervous impulse telling the diaphragm to contract more frequently would begin in the _____ region of the medulla, and travel via the ____

A

apneustic

phrenic nerve

78
Q

The embryonic headfold helps to delineate the:

A

Foregut

79
Q

The transverse colon is fused to the:

A

Greater momentum

80
Q

The embryonic midgut rotate about the superior mesenteric artery during early development by how many degrees?

A

270

81
Q

How do you get circulation in the lymphatic system with no pump?

A

contraction of smooth muscle; squeezing

82
Q

Absorbs fat from small intestine for distribution throughout the body:

A

Lacteal

83
Q

Produces specific antibodies:

A

B-lymphocytes

84
Q

Attacks specific foreign cells:

A

T-lymphocytes

85
Q

The process of breaking large molecules into smaller one with the release of energy is known as:

A

Catabolism

86
Q

The secretion of pancreatic lipase into the duodenum would be stimulated by the:

A

Vagus nerve

87
Q

Defecation will be facilitated by contraction of what muscles to pressurize the coelom:

A

Body wall

88
Q

What is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

A

Vitamin C

89
Q

Which of the following is not a granulocyte?

A

Lymphocyte

90
Q

What has no tunic media?

A

Venules

91
Q

The most common type of blood cell is:

A

Erythrocytes

Bio 224 (8 decks)

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