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Modern World History > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

Setting off the Mexican Revolution was Francisco Madero demanding free elections. This demand led to ___, and soon a bloody complex struggle.

A

the resignation of Porfirio Diaz

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2
Q

Englishman John Dalton made an important breakthrough in chemistry by showing that…

A

elements can be grouped according to their atomic weights

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3
Q

Which statement is true about Japanese politics in the 1920s?

A

Japan moved toward more widespread democracy

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4
Q

Which of the following was NOT a change made by Lenin?

A

government control the means of production

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5
Q

The rise to power of the Tokugawa family resulted in…

A

Japanese isolation

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6
Q

Which countries were members of the Triple Alliance?

A

Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary

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7
Q

A result of the Franco-Prussian War was…

A

a totally unified Italy

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8
Q

Which was NOT a way the European powers divided up the Ottoman Empire?

A

Serbia wanted to control the area of Constantinople

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9
Q

William II asked Bismarck to resign because..

A

William II wanted no rivals

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10
Q

In 1922, Japan agreed to limit the size of its navy…

A

to protect its relations with the West

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11
Q

Person who unified Sicily and Southern Italy (Naples)

A

Giuseppe Garibaldi

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12
Q

Person who was able to unite northern Italy

A

Camillo Cavour

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13
Q

What was one result of the Boer War?

A

The formation of the Union of South Africa

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14
Q

How did the Boxer Uprising bring about change in China?

A

Its failure forced, even conservatives, to agree to institute social and economic reforms

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15
Q

Japan lacked many basic resources, yet it industrialized rapidly after 1868 because…

A

Japanese political leaders placed a high priority on modernization

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16
Q

While Mao’s army marched, he made sure they treated the people fairly and he also discussed his plans for the future of China. Because of the treatment of the ___, they were always welcome.

A

peasants

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17
Q

Which statement correctly describes the Japanese economy after World War I?

A

Japan became a true industrial power

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18
Q

How did British rule lead to growing Indian nationalism?

A

Indians educated in the West learned ideas like democracy

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19
Q

Emancipation of the serfs benefited the Russian economy because many former serfs…

A

took jobs in factories

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20
Q

Indigenous people of New Zealand

A

Maori

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21
Q

The US claimed the right to be police the Western Hemisphere

A

Roosevelt Corollary

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22
Q

A self-governing nation

A

dominion

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23
Q

People of mixed Native American and French Canadian descent

A

mtis

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24
Q

The purpose of the Open Door Policy was to…

A

protect U.S. trading rights in China

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25
Q

What industry grew because the settlers found the climate and land suited for herding?

A

wool

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26
Q

After the defeat of Napoleon I, the Congress of Vienna created the German Confederation headed by…

A

Austria

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27
Q

What was the result of the British North America Act of 1867?

A

Canada gained self-rule

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28
Q

Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on the Western Front were ended at the…

A

Battle of the Marne

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29
Q

In the government Bismarck set up for the German empire, membership in the Reichstag was determined by…

A

a vote of all male citizens

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30
Q

advocated the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine

A

Balfour Declaration

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31
Q

Mexican president who approved the Constitution of 1917

A

Venustiano Carranza

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32
Q

doctrine that Gandhi preached

A

ahimsa

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33
Q

rejected Confucian traditions and learning from the West

A

May Fourth Movement

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34
Q

shah who modernized Persia

A

Reza Khan

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35
Q

The Mexican Constitution of 1917….

A

made Church land “the property of the nation.”

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36
Q

Which of the following were writers of the realism movement?

A

Charles Dickens and Victor Hugo

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37
Q

In the 1930s, what effect did the Great Depression have in Latin America?

A

People lost faith in the ideas of liberal government

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38
Q

What is a sphere of influence?

A

an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges

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39
Q

Conservative leaders in Latin America in the 1800s believed in…

A

the traditional social order

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40
Q

When it was founded in 1900, the British Labour Party was primarily made up of…

A

socialists and union members

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41
Q

Which of the following did NOT cause almost a million people to die of starvation and disease during the “Great Hunger’?

A

social welfare laws did not protect the workers with insurance

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42
Q

Which one of the following is NOT a basic principle of Socialism?

A

Workers could negotiate wages as one organized group

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43
Q

When the plea by Nicholas II to William II failed, what was the immediate result?

A

Russia began to prepare its military forces for war

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44
Q

Seen as a conservative force that opposed progressive policies, the French tried to…

A

repress Church involvement in government

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45
Q

American philosopher Henry David Thoreau influenced Mohandas Gandhi through his ideas on…

A

civil disobedience

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46
Q

Russia did not industrialize as soon as other countries because it lacked…

A

political stability

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47
Q

In the 1830s, Prussia created a union called the Zollverein, which promoted German unity by…

A

removing tariff barriers between German state

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48
Q

The purpose of Normal Schools was to train students to be…

A

teachers

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49
Q

What war brought an end to France’s Second Empire?

A

Franco-Prussian War

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50
Q

Relations improved between Latin America and the United States because the US withdrew troops stationed in Haiti and Nicaragua and also lifted the Platt Amendment. This was part of the ___.

A

Good Neighbor Policy

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51
Q

What postimpressionist painter used a style that looked like “primitive” folk art?

A

Paul Gauguin

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52
Q

One result of the October Manifesto was…

A

the establishment of the Duma

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53
Q

This was discovered by Robert Townshend and made farmland more productive and profitable…

A

crop rotation

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54
Q

What happened after the French helped Italian nationalists defeat Austria in the mid-1800s?

A

A united Italy became a rival on France’s border

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55
Q

Japan gained control of Taiwan as a result of the…

A

First Sino-Japanese War

56
Q

Which Allied leader wanted to weaken Germany at the Paris Peace Conference so that it could never again threaten France?

A

Georges Clemenceau

57
Q

As a result of the Treaty of Sèvres, the Ottoman empire…

A

lost its Arab and North African lands

58
Q

After the war, European colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific…

A

felt betrayed by the outcome of the Paris Peace Conference

59
Q

Bedford College in England and Mount Holyoke in the United States were among the first colleges for…

A

women

60
Q

How did Kaiser William II continue Bismarck’s policies?

A

He continued to provide social welfare programs and build up the military

61
Q

An important factor that characterized the Industrial Revolution was that it…

A

was unplanned and was not organized by any government or group

62
Q

What did realists often focus their work on?

A

the harsh side of life in cities or villages

63
Q

A student protest against the Paris Peace Conference, the ___ set off a cultural and intellectual protest.

A

May 4 Movement

64
Q

After the resignation of Bismarck, Germany was a powerful nation with a strong industrial base and army. What was the problem?

A

politically it was weak, the emperor had unchecked power

65
Q

Which of the following was an obstacle to progress in Russia in the 1800s?

A

a rigid social structure

66
Q

In the Kulturkampf, Bismarck’s goal was to..

A

reduce the power of the Catholic Church

67
Q

By the end of the 1800s, Britain transformed itself from a…

A

constitutional monarchy to a parliamentary democracy

68
Q

In 1859, Camillo Cavour provoked a war between Sardinia and Austria because…

A

he wanted to end Austrian power in Italy

69
Q

In 1832, large towns and cities in Britain received greater representation in Parliament as a result of…

A

the Great Reform Act

70
Q

What “Hermit Kingdom” was forced to open its ports to Japanese trade in 1876?

A

Korea

71
Q

The Twenty-One Demands…

A

sought to make China a Japanese protectorate

72
Q

In Bismarck’s practice of Realpolitik, his political actions were guided by…

A

the needs of the state

73
Q

What was a result of the Taiping Rebellion that began in China in 1850?

A

The Qing government survived but had to share power

74
Q

What contribution to medical science did German doctor Robert Koch make in the 1880s?

A

He identified the bacteria that causes tuberculosis

75
Q

Britain created the provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada when it passed the…

A

Constitutional Act of 1791

76
Q

When the nationalists retreated to the interior of China Japan marched in to the cultural city of Nanjing. The city surrendered but the Japanese…

A

killed hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians and brutalized still more

77
Q

The “self-strengthening movement” did not succeed in China because…

A

the Qing government did not support it

78
Q

During the struggle for Italian unification, the “Red Shirts” were forces made up of…

A

nationalists

79
Q

The United States gained control of Texas after armed conflict with the forces of…

A

Antonio López de Santa Anna

80
Q

As the Ottoman empire crumbled, Russia plotted to seize the Bosporus and Dardanelles in order to…

A

gain access to the Mediterranean Sea

81
Q

The Platt Amendment gave the United States the right to intervene in the affairs of…

A

Cuba

82
Q

Why was the Ottoman empire considered such a valuable ally?

A

It controlled Russian supply routes

83
Q

Ethiopia was able to remain independent because….

A

Ethiopia modernized and imported European weapons

84
Q

Why did missionaries land in New Zealand in 1814?

A

to convert the Maori to Christianity

85
Q

The Shona of Zimbabwe organized to resist European imperialism under the leadership of…

A

Yaa Asantewaa

86
Q

What was the result when Cavour stopped Garibaldi from attacking Rome and first unite Northern and Southern Italy into one country?

A

Rome was outside of the country of Italy and under the control of the Pope

87
Q

This group was formed by the late 1870s and called for parliamentary democracy and laws to improve conditions for the working class?

A

Social Democratic Party

88
Q

What ruler is sometimes called the “father of modern Egypt” due to the reforms he made?

A

Muhammad Ali

89
Q

Menelik II

A

modernized Ethiopia

90
Q

What invention did the internal combustion engine make possible?

A

the Wright Brothers’ flying machine

91
Q

Under the Napoleonic Code, French married women…

A

had no right to their own earnings

92
Q

The British used a different type of rule than the French did. What did the British encourage the children of the locals to do?

A

get an education in Britain

93
Q

Which of the following was a feature of the new Japanese political system created by Meiji reformers?

A

absolute power of the emperor

94
Q

What was the eventual result of Sun Yixian’s efforts to rebuild China based on the Three Principles of the People?

A

China fell into chaos and Sun stepped down

95
Q

Which of the following was one of Sun Yixian’s “Three Principles of the People?”

A

economic security for all Chinese

96
Q

Which of the following is a true statement about the Dual Monarchy?

A

Austria and Hungary remained separate states

97
Q

Tsar Nicholas I was forced to announce reforms. In the October Manifesto he promised “freedom or person, conscience, speech, assembly, and union.” Also he declared no law would go into effect…

A

without the approval of the Duma

98
Q

Which of the following was an effect of nationalism in Europe in the early 1900s?

A

Austria feared increasing rebellion among its subjects

99
Q

Which branch holds the power in a Parliamentary Democracy?

A

Legislative

100
Q

Who were descended from seafaring people that came from Polynesia?

A

Maori

101
Q

The Hundred Days of Reform in China was partly brought about by China’s…

A

defeat in the Sino-Japanese War

102
Q

The technology for America’s first textile factory came from…

A

Britain

103
Q

Which of the following was a result of the Russo-Japanese War?

A

Japan gained control of Korea

104
Q

What was one result of the Sepoy Rebellion?

A

Parliament ended the rule of the East India Company

105
Q

In 1936 Japan decided to ally itself with what countries?

A

Italy and Germany

106
Q

Through reforms that took place during the late 1800s, Britain transformed itself into…

A

a parliamentary democracy

107
Q

Tsar Alexander III launched a program of Russification, in which he…

A

suppressed non-Russian cultures within the empire

108
Q

Who did King Leopold II hire to explore the Congo River basin and arrange trade treaties with African leaders?

A

Henry Stanley

109
Q

When Italy unified, what form of government did it take?

A

a constitutional monarchy

110
Q

Who was the president of the new Chinese republic after the collapse of the Qing Dynasty?

A

Sun Xixian

111
Q

“The American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”

A

the Monroe Doctrine

112
Q

Turkish nationalists, led by Atatürk…

A

invaded Egypt to overthrow the British

113
Q

The Boer War was sparked by…

A

the discovery of gold and diamonds on Boer-held lands

114
Q

After the unification of Italy, what did many of the rural, poor southerners do?

A

immigrated to the United States

115
Q

In 1927, the second Sino-Japanese War…

A

united the Guomindang and Communists

116
Q

asked Bismarck to resign as Chancellor

A

Wilhelm II

117
Q

representatives of each German state - controlled by the Chancellor

A

Bundesrat

118
Q

members were popularly elected

A

Reichstag

119
Q

In the late 1800s, what did Charles Lyell accomplish?

A

He was a pioneer in the new science of geology

120
Q

What leader, backed by royalists and ultranationalists, was accused of plotting to overthrow the French republic?

A

Georges Boulanger

121
Q

In the Treaty of Nanjing, Britain gained control of…

A

Hong Kong

122
Q

What was a result of widespread anti-Semitism in Europe in the late 1800s?

A

Theodor Herzl helped to launch modern Zionism

123
Q

What is an example of the “realpolitik” concept?

A

they fought for and took only “German” territory

124
Q

A company that sells ownership shares to many investors is a…

A

corporation

125
Q

Charles Stewart Parnell was a leading figure in the….

A

Irish nationalist movement

126
Q

In 1800, Austria was ruled by the oldest ruling house in Europe, called the…

A

Hapsburgs

127
Q

On occasion, a group of corporations would join forces to fix prices, set production quotas, or control markets. They formed ___.

A

cartels

128
Q

local, elected assembly in Russia

A

zemstvo

129
Q

helped create the Dual Monarchy

A

Ferenc Dek

130
Q

Why did Prussia defeat the French in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870?

A

France was badly organized and poorly trained

131
Q

The militarists who came to power in Japan in the 1930s…

A

used schools to teach students absolute obedience to the emperor

132
Q

Bismarck became the king’s highest official when he assumed the title of…

A

kaiser

133
Q

In the late 1800s, the British began to profit from which important port in southern Malaya?

A

Singapore

134
Q

People that want to abolish all government, anarchists, were causing lots of problems in Italy. To distract the attention from the troubles in Italy, the government tried to establish an overseas empire in…

A

Egypt

135
Q

Which of the statements below is true about British social reforms of the mid-1800s?

A

New laws limited women and children to a 10-hour work day

136
Q

Which country was able to preserve its independence by defeating Italian invaders in 1896?

A

Ethiopia

137
Q

Romanticism can be described as a revolt against the Enlightenment’s emphasis on…

A

reason

Modern World History (5 decks)

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