Chapter 12

Question 1

Why were manufacturers interested in overseas expansion?

Answer 1

They wanted access to natural resources such as rubber, palm oil, petroleum and manganese

Question 2

Many Western leaders felt they needed colonies and a global empire to….

Answer 2

strengthen national security

Question 3

What is a sphere of influence?

Answer 3

an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges

Question 4

Which was NOT a factor that contributed to European imperialism in the 1800s?

Answer 4

Europe’s depleted population

Contributing factors:
political and military motives
social darwinism
humanitarian and religious goals

Question 5

Western critics of imperialism complained that…

Answer 5

colonialism was immoral

Question 6

During the colonial times, what kind of rule did the French use?

Answer 6

direct rule

Question 7

What did anti-imperialist argue about colonialism?

Answer 7

it was a tool of the rich

Question 8

In the 1800s, empires in the Middle East, India, Africa, and China had…

Answer 8

grown weak and disorganized

Question 9

This was NOT a economic force behind “New Imperialism”

Answer 9

New belief in the theory of natural selection to societies

Question 10

Many Westerns felt their culture was

Answer 10

better than non-Western cultures

Question 11

To avoid bloodshed, European leaders met at an international conference in 1884 to discuss the future of Africa. What was this conference called?

Answer 11

Berlin Conference

Question 12

The best known explorer and missionary was Dr. David Livingstone. He opposed slavery and felt the only way to end the slave trade was to….

Answer 12

open up the interior of Africa to Christianity and trade.

Question 13

What is another name for Islamic Law?

Answer 13

sharia

Question 14

What country controlled much of northern and west-central Africa?

Answer 14

France

Question 15

Because of horrifying reports of abuse in the Congo, King Leopold had to turn over control of his personal colony to….

Answer 15

the Belgian government

Question 16

Which THREE African leaders resisted European imperialism?

Answer 16

Yaa Asantewaa, Nehanda, Samori Toure

Question 17

Port cities on the eastern part of Africa carried on profitable trade. They shipped ivory and copper from Central Africa, but most often their cargo was…

Answer 17

slaves

Question 18

The migration of several thousand Boer families to the north was called…

Answer 18

the Great Trek

Question 19

Dr. Livingstone had not been heard of for many years. In 1871, who tracked him down and uttered the famous phrase, “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?”

Answer 19

Henry Stanley

Question 20

To help freed slave resettle in Africa, the British organized ___ and former slaves from the United States settled in ___

Answer 20

Sierra Leone, Liberia

Question 21

How did Britain gain control of the Suez Canal?

Answer 21

It bought shares in the canal from Egypt

Question 22

How were efforts to modernize problematic for the Ottoman Empire?

Answer 22

They led to population growth and conflict over foreign influence

Question 23

Foreign interest in Persia increased after…

Answer 23

oil was discovered

Question 24

Who emerged in the Ottoman Empire insisting the only way to save the empire was through reform?

Answer 24

Young Turks

Question 25

Why did Russia and Britain compete for power in Persia?

Answer 25

To expand their sphere of influence and control oil

Question 26

Which group became a victim of genocide by the Turks?

Answer 26

the Armenians

Question 27

Choose all of the causes of the decay of the Muslim empires

Answer 27

a. central governments had lost control over powerful groups (Correct)
b. corruption was widespread (Correct)
c. resistance to the building of the Suez Canal
d. Muslim scholars and religious leaders were influencing the government (Correct)

Question 28

Russia wanted to make a move in Ottoman territory to gain control of the Bosporous and the Dardanelles. What does controlling these two areas do for Russia?

Answer 28

It gives them access to the Mediterranean Sea

Question 29

Who organized a company to build the Suez Canal?

Answer 29

Ferdinand de Lesseps

Question 30

What force began to tear apart the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s?

Answer 30

nationalism

Question 31

The British sent more troops to India as an occupying force. Who paid for these troops to be there?

Answer 31

the Indian people through taxes

Question 32

Britain set up a system of colonial rule in India called…

Answer 32

the British Raj

Question 33

What was the main goal of the East India Company?

Answer 33

to make money

Question 34

One benefit of British rule in India was

Answer 34

a fairer legal system.

Question 35

Better transportation and communication in India led to…

Answer 35

the development of a sense of national unity

Question 36

The British were able to conquer India by…

Answer 36

exploiting its diversity

Question 37

How did the British view the Indian culture in the 1800s?

Answer 37

A few respected it, most did not like it

Question 38

In what way did India’s diversity help the British take control?

Answer 38

India, with many cultures, could not unite to resist the British

Question 39

Ram Mohun Roy was a great scholar that felt Indians should follow some of the Western ways and also keep their own Indian culture. Because of this he is know as …

Answer 39

the founder of Indian Nationalism

Question 40

What was one result of the Sepoy Rebellion?

Answer 40

India was ruled by the British

Question 41

Picture of different world leaders carving up China represents…

Answer 41

spheres of influence

Question 42

The Sino-Japanese War showed that…

Answer 42

while China remained backward, Japan had modernized

Question 43

How did the Opium War start?

Answer 43

Britain refused China’s demand to stop selling opium

Question 44

What did British traders hope to achieve by continuing to trade in opium?

Answer 44

They hoped to end the trade deficit and create huge profits

Question 45

What group was behind the Boxer Uprising?

Answer 45

Righteous Harmonious Fists

Question 46

Emperor Guang Xu launched something that was to change schools, the military, and the bureaucracy. What did he call this?

Answer 46

Hundred Days of Reform

Question 47

Which THREE of the following were a part of the Treaty of Nanjing?

Answer 47

a. China opened five ports to foreign trade.
b. British citizens in China had the right to live under British laws and be tried in British courts.
c. The British gained Hong Kong.
d. The British gained the island of Taiwan.

a, b, and c (d is incorrect)

Question 48

In 1860 the government launched the “self-strengthening movement.” Many Western ideas were brought in but the movement made limited progress because….

Answer 48

the government did not rally behind it

Question 49

The Open Door Policy proposed…

Answer 49

having equal access to Chinese trade for the Western powers

Question 50

What caused the European trade deficit?

Answer 50

The Europeans were importing silk, porcelain, and tea in exchange for gold and silver