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Chem 200 > Midterm 3 Studying > Flashcards

Midterm 3 Studying Flashcards

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1
Q

Why does volume increase mean a shift to the side with more moles of gas?

A

Increasing volume decreases pressure. In order to restore pressure, equilibrium shifts to the side with more gas to increase that pressure

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2
Q

Molarity symbol and equation

A

M, moles solute/liters solution

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3
Q

Molality symbol and equation

A

m, Moles Solute/Kilograms Solvent

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4
Q

What makes a good electrolyte

A

Complete dissociation, high solubility, strong ionic bonds, strong acids or bases, most salts

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5
Q

Blood pH range

A

7.35-7.45

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6
Q

J to kJ

A

1000 J is 1 kJ

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7
Q

cal to J

A

1 cal is 4.184 J

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8
Q

Cal to cal

A

1 Cal is 1000 cal

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9
Q

C to K

A

K = C + 273.15

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10
Q

F to C

A

(F - 32) / 1.8

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11
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

q = m (g) x C x deltaT (C)

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12
Q

deltaH relationship to endo/exo

A

Endo is positive deltaH
Exo is negative deltaH

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13
Q

What atoms bond with hydrogen to result in hydrogen bond potential

A

Fluorine, Oxygen, Nitrogen

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14
Q

Pascal to N/m squared

A

1 to 1

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15
Q

atm to torr to mmHg

A

1 to 760 to 760

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16
Q

atm to Pa

A

1 to 101,325

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17
Q

What is Boyle’s Law

A

V1P1 = V2P2

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18
Q

What is Charle’s Law

A

V1/T1 = V2/T2

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19
Q

What is the combined gas law?

A

(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2

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20
Q

What is the ideal gas equation

A

PV = nRT

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21
Q

How to find total pressure of multiple gases

A

Pressures of each gas added together equals total pressure

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22
Q

Saturated vs Unsaturated vs Supersaturated

A

Max solute, less than max solute, more than max solute

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23
Q

Dilution Formula

A

M1V1 = M2V2

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24
Q

How to find Keq

A

Molarity products multiplied together over Molarity reactants multiplied together, raised to the coefficient

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25
Q

What does value of Keq indicate about equilibrium

A

Greater than 1 favors products, less than 1 favors reactants

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26
Q

How does changing pressure shift equilibrium

A

More pressure - fewer moles
Less pressure - more moles

27
Q

How does changing volume affect equilibrium

A

More volume - more moles
Less volume - less moles

28
Q

What is an isotonic solution

A

A solution that has the same osmotic pressure as body fluids

29
Q

What is a hypotonic solution, what does it cause

A

Lower solute concentration, hemolysis burst

30
Q

What is a hypertonic solution, what does it cause

A

Higher solute concentration, cremation shrinking

31
Q

What is a hypertonic solution, what does it cause

A

Higher solute concentration, crenation shrinking

32
Q

Nitric Acid

A

HNO3, strong

33
Q

Sulfuric Acid

A

H2SO4, strong

34
Q

Hydrochloric Acid

A

HCl, strong

35
Q

Phosphoric Acid

A

H3PO4, moderate/weak

36
Q

Acetic Acid

A

HC2H3O2, weak

37
Q

Hydrofluoric Acid

A

HF, weak

38
Q

Carbonic Acid

A

H2CO3, weak

39
Q

Boric Acid

A

H3BO3, weak

40
Q

Sodium Hydroxide

A

NaOH, strong

41
Q

Potassium Hydroxide

A

KOH, strong

42
Q

Calcium Hydroxide

A

Ca(OH)2, strong

43
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

NaHCO3, weak

44
Q

Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Mg(OH)2, weak

45
Q

Ammonium Hydroxide

A

NH4OH, weak

46
Q

What is Ka, what does it indicate

A

Acid- Molarity times hydrogen Molarity over original acid Molarity, greater value means stronger acid

47
Q

What is Kw equation

A

Hydrogen Molarity times hydroxide Molarity = Kw = 1 x10-14

48
Q

Formula for pH

A

-log hydrogen Molarity

49
Q

Two types of acidosis/alkalosis

A

Metabolic and Respiratory

50
Q

Hydrobromic Acid

A

HBr, strong

51
Q

Perchloric Acid

A

HClO4, strong

52
Q

Hydriodic Acid

A

HI, strong

53
Q

Sulfurous Acid

A

H2SO3, weak

54
Q

Formic Acid

A

HCHO2, weak

55
Q

Energy definition

A

Capacity to do work

56
Q

Work definition

A

Result of force acting on a distance

57
Q

Miscible definition

A

Will dissolve in each other

58
Q

Treat respiratory alkalosis

A

Breathe into paper bag, reduce anxiety

59
Q

Treat Metabolic Alkalosis

A

Infuse saline solution, treat underlying disease

60
Q

Treat metabolic acidosis

A

Sodium bicarbonate orally, insulin, dialysis

61
Q

Treat respiratory acidosis

A

Correct disorder, infuse bicarbonate

62
Q

Heat capacity definition

A

Heat required to change temperature of given amount of substance by 1 degree Celsius

63
Q

Isotonic Solution Values

A

0.9% NaCl, 5.0% glucose

Chem 200 (4 decks)

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