Midterm 3

Question 1

The role emotions play within someone

Answer 1

Intrapersonal

Question 2

The role emotions play within individuals in a group

Answer 2

Interpersonal

Question 3

The role that emotions play in the maintenance of social order within a society

Answer 3

Social and Cultural functions

Question 4

These 4 are examples of what function of emotion?
1. Acting quickly with minimal conscious awareness
2. Preparing the body for immediate action
3. Influencing thoughts
4. Motivating future behaviors

Answer 4

Intrapersonal

Question 5

These 3 are examples of what function of emotion?
1. Facilitating specific behaviors in perceivers
2. Signal the nature of the relationship
3. Provide incentives for desired social behavior
4. Social Referencing

Answer 5

Interpersonal Functions

Question 6

What emotional function leads to an understanding of socially appropriate behavior?
A. Intrapersonal
B. Interpersonal
C. Social and Cultural
D. Universalist

Answer 6

C. Social and Cultural

The Social and Cultural function of emotions leads to an understanding of socially appropriate behavior, such as cultural display rules

Question 7

Rules learned early in life that specify the management and modification of emotional expressions according to social circumstances

Answer 7

Cultural Display Rules

Question 8

What emotional function provides incentives for desired social behavior?
A. Intrapersonal
B. Interpersonal
C. Social and Cultural
D. Universalist

Answer 8

B. Interpersonal

This is often regarded as social referencing, as one person can look at how others are reacting to get a sense of how they should react to a scenario.

Question 9

Despite differences in customs and traditions, at the fundamental level, all humans feel the same

Answer 9

Universalist Theory

Question 10

Despite a common evolutionary heritage, different groups evolved to adapt to their environment

Answer 10

Social Constructivist Theory

Question 11

A model of view of the self as distinct from others and as stable across different situations

Answer 11

Independent Self

Question 12

The type of emotional arousal one feels coupled with its intensity — which can vary from pleasant to unpleasant, from high to low arousal

Answer 12

Affective State

Question 13

Emotional experience determined by physiological arousal and interpretation of that arousal

Answer 13

Two-factor Theory

(See bear –> heart pounding and other physiological reactions –> thought –> action)

Question 14

Emotional experience is determined by physiological arousal, interpretation of that arousal, and past experiences from similar situations.

Answer 14

Appraisal Theory

(See bear –> heart pounding and other physiological reactions –> memories from previous situations –> evaluation of everything –> fear is felt)

Question 15

When Anna sees a car nearly hit her as she walks across a crosswalk, she has to think about previous times that she was nearly hit by a car and evaluate that before she feels fear. Anna demonstrates…
A. Universalist Theory
B. Social Constructivist Theory
C. Two-Factor Theory
D. Appraisal Theory
E. That Anna should have more awareness while crossing the street if she has nearly been hit by cars multiple times in the past.

Answer 15

D. Appraisal Theory

Anna thinks about her past experiences and has to evaluate that before she feels fear.

(Also probably E)

Question 16

Employs direct, relevant, logical messages to change what someone thinks about a topic.

Answer 16

Central route to persuasion

Question 17

Relies on superficial cues that have little to do with logic to change what someone thinks about a topic

Answer 17

Peripheral route to persuasion

Question 18

Sequences of behavior that occur in exactly the same fashion, in exactly, the same order, every time they’re elicited

Answer 18

Fixed action patterns (FAPs)

*like autopilot

Question 19

Specific aspects of a situation that activate FAPs

Answer 19

Trigger features

Question 20

What is not a component in the Triad of Trust?
A. Authority
B. Honesty
C. Charisma
D. Likability

Answer 20

C. Charisma

Authority, Likability, and Honesty are all the parts in the Triad of Trust

Question 21

We feel compelled to repay, in equitable value, what another person has given to us.

Answer 21

Reciprocity Rule

Question 22

The mental shortcut based on the assumption that, if everyone is doing it, it must be right

Answer 22

Social proof

Question 23

Obtains a small, initial commitment and then slowly escalates the commitments

Answer 23

Foot-in-the-door

(small request –> large request)

Question 24

Start with a large request that will get rejected and then follow up with a smaller request that will most likely be accepted (that was the goal all along)

Answer 24

Door-in-the-face

(large request –> small request)

Question 25

When someone gives a high price but then lowers it or adds on bonuses to the deal

Answer 25

That’s not all

(A variation of a door-in-the-face)

Question 26

Because people have already given a small commitment, they feel inclined to follow through

Answer 26

Sunk-cost trap/Sunk-cost fallacy

Question 27

Things are more attractive when they are limited

Answer 27

Scarcity

Question 28

A reaction to people, rules, or requirements that are perceived to limit freedom

Answer 28

Psychological Reactance

(Someone tells you not to do something so you want to do it to spite them)

Question 29

Changing one’s attitude of behavior to match a perceived social norm

Answer 29

Conformity

Question 30

Conformity that results from a concern for what people think of us

Answer 30

Normative influence

Question 31

Conformity that results from a concern to act in a socially approved manner

Answer 31

Informational Influence

Question 32

The perception of what most people do in a given situation

Answer 32

Descriptive norms

Question 33

Responding to an order or command from a person in a position of authority

Answer 33

Obedience

Question 34

Deliberate exclusion of an individual from a group

Answer 34

Ostracism

Question 35

Groups influence their member’s self-concepts and self-esteems, particularly when individuals categorize themselves and identify with a group

Answer 35

Social Identity Theory

Question 36

Feelings of self-worth that are based on evaluation of the relationship with others and membership in social groups

Answer 36

Collective self-esteem

Question 37

A conceptual analysis of self-evaluation processes that theorizes self-esteem functions to psychologically monitor of one’s degree of inclusion and exclusion in social groups

Answer 37

Sociometer model

Question 38

An individual will preform better at a task when other people are watching

Answer 38

Social facilitation

(It also depends on the type of task (complex vs simple))

Question 39

Reduction of individual effort exerted when people work in groups compared to when they work alone

Answer 39

Social loafing

Question 40

Knowledge, expectations, conceptualizations, and other cognitive representations that members of a group have in common pertaining to the group and its tasks, procedures, and resources

Answer 40

Shared mental model

Question 41

The solidarity and union of a group toward shared goals

Answer 41

Group cohesion

Question 42

The tendency for members of a group to move to a more extreme position when they spend time with those group members

Answer 42

Group polarization

Question 43

Groups spend more time discussing information that all members know and less time examining unshared information

Answer 43

Common knowledge effect

Question 44

The process by which a message induces a change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors

Answer 44

Persuasion

Question 45

Weak versions of persuasive messages “vaccinate” individuals, making them less vulnerable to stronger versions

Answer 45

Inoculation

Question 46

Immediately drawing an individual’s attention to the way they have been persuaded to hopefully stop the persuasion from occuring

Answer 46

Stinging

Question 47

Embedding a counter-message in a close replica of a rival’s original communication

Answer 47

Poison parasite