midterm 3 Flashcards
movement begins to happen independently around the time that
elongation happens
different types of feeding attempts with a cleft pallete baby
breast, habermann, docto browns, mead-johnson and also supplemental system
the haberman bottle is (feeder/infant) driven
feeder
with this the feeder squeezes milk into the mouth and do not need to seal around the nipple at all.
haberman
this feeding method has a long nipple
mead johnson
the doctor brown’s specialty feeder is (feeder/infant) driven
infant
with the doctor browns specialty feeder the feeder is squeezing milk into the babys mouth (t/f)
false. the feeder is not swueezing food into the infants mouth.
with the doctors brown specialty feeder the baby needs some sucking (true/false)
true, the infant needs some sucking with the doctor borwns specialty feeder
this system is a one way valve system
doctor brown’s specialty feeder.
now the most widely used specialty feeder in hospitals around the country
the doctor browns specialty feeder.
cons of dr browns
lots of pieces
comes as a unit, can be pricey.
the mead johnson is a (infant/feeder) driven feeder
infant AND feeder driven because the feeder can squeeze if the baby needs a little more of a squirt
the supplemental system description
pinned on shirt or necklas with tube that goes along side the breast and nipple and then the tube falls into the babers mouth.
younger infants fixate _____, and then older aged infants aged 2-3 months fixation is))))
young= one eye at a time (monoculor)
2-3 months older is both eyes at a time (binoculor)
phonation in the younger baby is made __
in conjunction with the babies mvement.
at 12 months old the infants phonation and sounds are made
independent of movement.
younger than 12 months the babies sounds are usually associated with
their movement.
fusion happens
front to back, lips–> hard pallete–> soft pallate.
where the fusion in utero is the___
place and severity of the cleft. the more severe the more time.
micrognathia
small and recessed jaw
glossoptosis
floppy tongue, aka retroposition of the tongue or posterior flapping of the tongue.
tongue is further bad and at risk for blocking a child’s airway.
babies with glossoptosis are at risk for blcking a child’s airway for this reason they should sleep
prone, so that gravity ups the tongue out of the mouth and down.
common characteristics of pierre-robin
micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate.
the common characteristics of pierre-robin syndrom cause
feeding difficulties and respiratory difficulties because of these things.m
micrognathia,glossoptosis and cleft pallate are characteristic of ______.
p-r sequence.
when feeding a baby with cleft palate, it is variable and dependent on.
the baby itself, location, severity, baby’s ability to transition, caregivers ability to learn and applu.
when breast feeding babies with cleft palate larger clefts will require a lot of
positional changes and trial and error. most often doesnt work despite tries but we try for the mother’s sake.
if the baby is regurgitating milk from its nose and mouth, does not ingest/swallow enough milk, or if the mother’s breasts become engorged (due to lack of sucking and expelling the milk)
they will have to stop the breast-feeding trial and transition to the bottle. baby will become dehydrated and lose weight and may become sick if breast feeding trials continue for more than a day or two.
for the haberman system the pressure system of the oral cavity ____.
need not be present.
the nipple collar on the haberman can be turned to
adjust flow rate from slow to medium to fast.
when the baby pauses the haberman or the caregive pauses the squeezing, the milk flow stops (in doing so) the baby can
control the rate of flow
this feeder has a cross-cut for an easier flow
the mead jojnson
disposible feeder
the mead-johnson (a pro_
the feeding valve is inserted into any dr.browns
narrow nipple (the feeder is bought s a unit and comes with 2 valves.
some babies need external pressure support of the caregiver gently swueezing the nipple or soft bottle, the caregivers they should be suggested to use_______/
the haberman or mead johnson
con of the haberman
costly.
pro’s of dr.browns
more redily available.
each hospital and caregiver have their own preference but caregivers can use)))))))00.
what is available
down syndrom aka trisomy 21 is a __________condition.
congenital- 46 chromosones. (1 extra, extra copies are called trisomy”.
people with down syndrom usually have an iq _______________ and are ________to speak than other children.
iq in the mildly-to-moderately low tange and slower to speak than other children.
flattened face, bridge of nose
almond eyes
short neck
small ears
tongue protrusion
tiny white spots on iris
small hands and feet
single line across the palm of hand (palmer crease)
small pinky fingers thatsome times cure toward the thumb
poor muscle tone.
down syndrom
during pregnancy two types of tests are used to screen for DS-screening tests and diagnositc.
bloodtest of bothers blood and an ultrasound where the technician looks specifically at the fluid behinf the babies neck and thickness. extra fluid could indicate a genetic fluid (this is called nuchal fold).
diagnostic tests of DS after a positive screening test.
chrionic villus sampling (CVS)
amiocentesis, percutaneus umbilical blood sampling (PUBS). they look for chromsone changes.
chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
examines material from the placenta.
amniocentesis
examines the amniotic fluid (fluid from the sac surrounding the baby)
percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (pubs).
examines blood from the ombilical cord.
some babies born wit hds have the physical features we just learned about as well as.
cognitiv deficits, speech-language deficits, and feeding deficits. they may also have these and others.
common health problems among children with down syndrom.
hearin loss, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic otitis media (ear infections), eye diseases, heart defects.
pierre-robin syndrome/sequence is a _____condition.
congenital.
one symptom of this condition is micrognathia with receding chin, displassed tonngue or glosso ptosis, and a large tongue. 80% of these cases also have a cleft soft palate or a high arched palate.soft palate or a
pr syndrom/sequence.
80% of children with p-r syndrom/sequence have a celft where?or have what?
cleft soft palate or have a high arched palate.
is there a prenatal test to test for PRS?
no.
prs may be difficult to diagnose at first and may take several weeks. (true or false).
true, at birth the initial concern is the chin and tongue.
the arrested development of the lower faw in pr syndrome/sequence is believed to occur prior to the _____week of fetal development.
ninth week.
because the lower jaw arrested development may have been believed to occur during the 9th week, the tongue_____-.
takesa more posterior position and impairs the development of the palate.
there is no known prevention for pierre robin syndrom and reccomended t/f.
true
also with pierre-robin sequence/syndrom ___ and _____ difficulties are common.
feeding and respiratory difficulties are common. need to do it carefully in an upright position with a modified nipple can help prevent choking. and respiration should be monitored at all time.
tracheostmy may be necessary to maintain an adequate air way for a caregivers child for this disorder.
pierre-robin syndrom/sequence.
with individuals with prs, the mandiblular (jaw) distraction surgery is performed when the baby is ____.
approx 6 weeks old but can be done sooner if necessary. mandible is graduallt lengthened and moved forward. these devices are safe and don’t cause discomfort for the patient. once the distraction is complete and after at least three months the distractor is removed.
why do children with PRS get mandibular (jaw) distraction surgery?
to breath more easily and obstructive sleep apnea events and tracheostomy can be avoided.
Digeorge syndrome aka 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
is a disorder caused when a small part of chromosome 22 is missing.
digeorge syndrome 22q11.2 deletion results in________-.
poor development of several body systems including heart defects, poor immune system function, cleft palate, low levels of calcium in the blood, and delayed development with behavioral and emotional problems. the number and severity of symptoms associated vary.
doctors may suspect 22q11.2 deletion syndrome if at birth_______—-.
certain conditions like sever heart deceft, cleft palate, or combination of others. diagnostic tests begin likely before the patients child leaves the hospital. this and a combination of illnesses or disorders could lead the doctor pof the parents child to suscpect this.
heart murmur, blusish skin due to poor circulation (cyanosis) as result of a heart dect.
frequent infections
certain facial features such as an underdeveloped chin, low set ears, wide-set eyes or narrow groove in the upper lip
cleft palate of problems with the palate
delayed growth
difficulty feeding, failure to gain waeight, gastrointestinal problems
breathing problems
poor muscle tone
delayed development such as delays in rolling over, sitting up or other infant milestones
delayed speech development or nasal-sounding speech
learning delays or disabilities
behavior problems.
digeorge syndrome.
signs and symptoms of digeorge can vary in type and severity with some______________ and other symptomes________–.
with some apparant at the patients birth and others may not appear until later in infancy or early childhood.
treatments for digeorge
life long. but therapies are needed include ST OT PT and sepc instruction.
medical procedures including: heart procedures, cleft palate repair, genetics consultations. and ENT, infectious disease speciallist, hormone disorder specialist (endocrinologist) immune system specialist (immunologist).
serious delays in speech and walking
sever hypotonia
unique facial features: widely spaced eyes, small nose, upturned nostrals, low ears, upper lip shaped like an upside down v
lowe lip that sticks out a little
abnosmal genitals
small head size
shorter height.
signs of a blood disorder called alpha thalassemia
heart defects.
ATRX syndrome (alpha thalassemia x-linked intellectual disability syndrome).
very rare disease- only 500 diagnosed in the world.
atr-x syndrome.
the serious delays in speech and wlaking with individuals with ATR-X syndrome
most people never speak or sign more than few.
abnormal genitals in ATR-X syn.
urinary tract out of place, tests dont drop.
Menkes acronymn stands for______.
Males
early birth
not meeting mile stones
kinky hair and or steely colored hair
evidence of positive family history.
Seizures
MEnkes males represent more than _____ affected children.
90%.
menkes early birth with_______–.
fluctuating temperatures or low blood sugar.
menkes not meeting miles stones is seen after_____-.
2 months
Menkes seizures and or low muscle tone cannot________.
be explained.
a major characteristic of menkes disease is ______–.
copper which affects many things in the body.
copper ysfunction negatively could impact.
cell function, cell protection, formation of connective tissue, absorbion of ioron, maitenance of bone connective tissue and organs like the brain and heart, prevention of prostatistis or inflammation of the prostate, regualation of heart rate and blod presuure. production of red blood cells, and activation of the immune system, formation of skin and hair color production of copper.
menkes disease is a rare disease, with recent estimates suggesting a brevalance of 1 in 348100, to as high as 1 in_____-.
8663 live male births.
life expectency of menkes.
most babies pass away by 18 months of age average life expectancy is 3-5 years. :(.
