Midterm 2 Short Answer Questions - Chapter 5 Flashcards
What are the challenges faced by computer vision systems in object and scene recognition?
Computer vision systems face challenges such as occlusions, variations in lighting conditions, and identifying objects under degraded conditions during recognition tasks.
How does the Gestalt approach contribute to understanding perceptual organization in scenes and objects? Provide examples.
The Gestalt approach explains how our brains organize visual elements into meaningful wholes, aiding in the perception of structured scenes and objects. For example, grouping similar objects or patterns based on proximity or continuity.
Explain the functions of brain areas like the lateral occipital complex (LOC) in object recognition.
The lateral occipital complex (LOC) processes visual information related to object boundaries, shapes, and relationships within a scene, contributing significantly to object recognition.
Discuss the role of movement perception in recognizing objects, events, and social cues. Give examples.
Movement perception helps distinguish objects from backgrounds, understand social interactions through body language, and recognize events based on dynamic visual cues (e.g., a flying bird versus a stationary object).
How do physical and semantic regularities in the environment aid in scene perception?
Physical regularities (such as vertical/horizontal orientations) and semantic regularities (based on scene meanings) help our brains organize visual information efficiently, aiding in scene perception and object recognition.
What is Helmholtz’s Theory of Unconscious Inference, and how does it relate to perception?
Helmholtz’s Theory of Unconscious Inference suggests that perception results from unconscious assumptions or inferences we make about the environment based on sensory inputs and prior knowledge.
Describe the predictive coding theory and its implications for perception in the brain.
Predictive coding theory proposes that the brain uses past experiences to predict perception based on incoming sensory information, reducing prediction errors and optimizing cognitive processes.
What are the neural correlates involved in face perception and recognition?
Neural correlates like the fusiform face area (FFA) are active during face perception tasks, playing a key role in processing facial features and recognizing familiar faces
Define prosopagnosia and discuss its relationship with face perception disorders.
Prosopagnosia is a face perception disorder characterized by difficulties in recognizing familiar faces, indicating specific impairments in face processing neural circuits.
How does brain activity correlate with object and scene perception tasks?
Brain activity in areas like the lateral occipital complex (LOC) and fusiform face area (FFA) correlates with object and scene perception tasks, reflecting specialized neural responses during visual processing.
