Chapter 8 Flashcards
What is akinetopsia?
Motion blindness
How does motion help with detecting things?
We use it for attentional capture
And can help us pick out individual figures (ex, animal that camouflages)
How does motion help perceive objects?
Seeing an object in motion might reveal things about it you cannot get from a stationary image.
When a person or animal moves, we see all parts of it become coordinated which is called biological movement
What is an event?
A segment of time at a particular location that is perceived by observers to have a beginning and an end
Ex. Coffee shop, accepting cup of coffee is an event, tipping is an event.
What is an event boundary?
Point in time when each of these events end and the next one begins
How does motion influence social perception
The link between motion intention and emotion is very powerful.
Ex. Geometric objects bullying example.
What is the point light walkers experiment?
Placed light up dots on people and put them in the dark. Asked outside observers what they saw.
1) social interaction
2) non social interaction
So using motion could determine which of the two were going on
Those with autism struggled tho
What is real motion?
The physical movement of a stimulus (like a car)
What is illusory motion?
Perception of motion when there actually is none
What is apparent motion?
When we assume something is moving based on flashing
Ex. Dot circle thing
Animation
What is induced motion?
When motion of a large object around a small one make the stationary small one look like it’s moving.
Ex. Big clouds when ur in a car and see the moon moving
What are motion after effects?
When you view a moving stimulus for like a minute, you should (ex, waterfall going down) then look off to the side you should see (rocks, trees, grass) go upward for a sec
Waterfall illusion
What is an Optic array?
The structured pattern of light created by the presence of objects, surfaces, and textures in the environment
What is a local disturbance in the optic array?
Occurs when one object moves relative to the environment, so that the stationary background is covered and uncovered by the moving object. This local disturbance indicates the object is moving relative to the environment
What is a global optic flow?
Information for movement that occurs when all elements in a scene move. The perception of global optic flow indicates that it is the observer that is moving and not the scene
What three signals does the collorary discharge theory distinguish?
1) image displacement signal (when image moves across the retina
2) motor signal (sent from motor area to the eye muscles to cause the eye to move)
3) the corollary signal (copy of the motor signal)
Reinhardt Detector
Neural circuit proposed by Reinhardt, in which signals caused by movement of a stimulus across the receptors are processed by a delay unit and an output unit so that signals are generated by movement in one direction but not in the opposite direction
Explain the The Reichardt Detector (Include words sucha as delay unit and output unit)
No comment
What is the middle temporal (MT) area?
Brain region in the temporal lobe that contains many directionally selective neurons
Explain the term coherence with the moving dot experiment
indicate the degree to which the dots move in the same direction. If all random there is 0 coherence. If all same direction 100.
What happened to the monkeys in the moving dot experiment when the dots moved coherently?
coherently?
They found that as the dots’ coherence increased, two things happened:
(1)the monkey judged the direction of motion more accurately, and
(2) the MT neuron fired more vigorously.
How else have they proved the moving dot MT area activity?
This relationship has also been demonstrated
1. by lesioning (destroying) or deactivating some or all of the MT cortex and
- by electrically stimulating neurons in the MT cortex.
