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ANIMAL DIVERSITY1234 > Midterm 2 phylum > Flashcards

Midterm 2 phylum Flashcards

1
Q

Echinodermata 5

A

Ophiuroidea Echinoides Asteroidea Crinoidea Holothuroidea

  • “spiny skin”
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2
Q

Arthropods 4

A

Crustacea Chelicerata Myripoda Hexopods

  • Means joint foot
  • Over 80% of named animals
  • 1.5 million+ species
  • Inverts with segmented bodies, jointed limbs, and an exoskeleton made of chitin
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3
Q

Mollusca 7

A

Aplacophora (Solenogastres and Caudofoveata) Bivalve Cepholopoda Gastropoda Monoplacophora Polyplacophora Scaphopoda

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4
Q

Scaphopoda

A
  • Tusk shells/tooth shells
  • Sedentary
  • Tubular shell (open at both ends)
  • Tentacular foot for burrowing and food capture
  • A lot of diffusion in mantle cavity
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5
Q

Polyplacophora

A 
the chitons
8 moveable plats (armadillo)
serial repetition 
* Mantle girdle around outside 
* Intertidal rocky areas
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6
Q

Monoplacophora

A
  • Round shell, large foot
  • Serial repetition of body parts
  • Gills, nerves, gonads, nephridia…
    one shell
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7
Q

Gastropoda

A

snails, slugs, periwinkles

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8
Q

Aplacophora

A

(Solenogastres and Caudofoveata)

  • Wormlike and shell-less
  • Calcareous scales/spicules
  • Marine detrital/microorganism consumers – burrowers!
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9
Q

Bivalve

A

clams, scollops, muscles

  • No head, no radula
  • Laterally compressed shells
  • Hinged dorsally; gape open ventrally
  • Gills: feeding and respiration
  • Adductor muscles to swim (scallops)
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10
Q

Cepholopoda

A 
squids, octopus, cuttlefish, nautilus
* Means head-foot
* Predators  
* Exclusively marine 
closed circulatory system 
direct development
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11
Q

Crustacea

A 
lobsters, shrimp, barnacles 
* Carapace: cover of head and thoracic (cephalothorax) segments 
* Head + Thorax, Abdomen 
Open circulatory system 
* Maxillipeds = hold/manipulate food
* Maxillae and mandibles = shred and place food into mouth
    * Two pairs of antennae 
    * Two pairs of maxillae 
    * Biramous appendages
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12
Q

Chelicerata

A
  • Horseshoe crabs, spiders, ticks, scorpions, sea spiders
    • Two tagmata: cephalothorax and abdomen
    • Appendages: Chelicerae and pedipalps and four pairs of walking legs
    • No mandibles and no antenna
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13
Q

Myripoda

A

Millipedes, centipedes

* One pair of antennae 
* Mandibles 
* Head + Trunk
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14
Q

Hexopods

A

class insets

  • 6 legs
  • Uniramous appendages
  • Three tagmata – head, thorax, abdomen
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15
Q

Crinoidea

A

sea Lillies (plant no move), sea feathers (move light as feather)

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16
Q

Holothuroidea

A

Sea cucumbers

  • Reduced ossicles
  • Ventral” tube feet specialized for locomotion
  • Benthic crawlers
  • Secondarily bilateral
  • Oral tentacles are modified tube feet
17
Q

Asteroidea

A

Sea stars

18
Q

Echinoides

A

Sand dollars, sea urchins

19
Q

Ophiuroidea

A

Brittle stars (fall apart like what opiodes does to families)

  • NO pedicellariae
  • NO papulae
  • Organs in central disc
  • Remarkable regeneration
20
Q

Prosobranchia

A

subclass, class Gastropoda, phylum Mollusca. Marine, periwinkles

21
Q

Opisthobranchia

A

subclass, class Gastropoda, phylum Mollusca Marine, sea slugs

22
Q

Pulmonata

A

subclass, class Gastropoda, phylum Mollusca. Land snails and slugs

23
Q

Rotifera

A

wheel bearers

  • Ciliated crown = corona
  • Pumping pharynx = mastax
    • the part of the alimentary canal immediately behind the mouth in invertebrates.
  • Body forms indicative of life style
    • Floating planktonic = globular
    • Swimmers/creepers = wormlike
    • Sessile = vase-like
    • Colonial
24
Q

Acanthocephala

A
  • Means spine-head
  • Synapomorphy = retractable introverted spiny proboscis
  • All parasitic in vertebrate intestines
    • Intermediate host (crustacean)
    • Absorb nutrients through epidermis (no digestive track)
25
Q

Ectoprocta (its in the name you know it)

A 
anus outside 
Bryozoa (moss animal) 
all aquatic 
Most colonial (zooids!) in zoecium (chamber) 
Most feeding forms, some polymorphism seen 
* Fossil record since Ordovician 
* Medical compounds
    * Bryostatin cancer fighting
26
Q

Nemerta

A

Ribbon worms

  • Known for their proboscis in rhynchocoel cavity
    • Mesodermal cavity = coelom!
  • Slime track
27
Q

Nematoida

A
  • Pseudocoelomates
28
Q

Nematomorpha

A
  • Horsehair worms
  • Semi-parasitic
    • Adults free-living
    • Parasitic in arthropods as juveniles
29
Q

Onychophora

A

velvet worms

Soft cuticle – repels water

30
Q

Tardigrada

A

sea bears
unjointed legs
sucking pharynx

ANIMAL DIVERSITY1234 (7 decks)

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