Midterm 2

Question 1

the desire to achieve a goal or a certain performance level, leading to goal-directed behavior

Answer 1

Motivation

Question 2

having the skills and knowledge required to perform the job

Answer 2

Ability

Question 3

external factors that affect performance

Answer 3

Environmental Factors

Question 4

Maslow’s physiological and safety needs

Answer 4

Existence

Question 5

Maslow’s social needs

Answer 5

Relatedness

Question 6

Maslow’s esteem and self-actualization

Answer 6

Growth

Question 7

Factors on the job such as company policies and working conditions

Answer 7

Hygiene Factors

Question 8

factors that are intrinsic to the job, such as achievement, recognition, interesting work, increased responsibilities, advancement, and growth opportunities

Answer 8

Motivators

Question 9

Wanting to be liked and accepted by others

Answer 9

Need for affiliation

Question 10

Strong need to be successful

Answer 10

Need for achievement

Question 11

Wanting to influence others and control their environment

Answer 11

Need for power

Question 12

A person we compare ourselves to in equity theory

Answer 12

Referent

Question 13

Individuals who give without waiting to receive much in return

Answer 13

Benevolents

Question 14

Those who expect to receive substantial compensation for relatively little input

Answer 14

Entitleds

Question 15

the degree to which the outcomes received from the organization are perceived to be fair

Answer 15

Distributive Justice

Question 16

the degree to which fair decision-making procedures are used to arrive at a decision

Answer 16

Procedural Justice

Question 17

the degree to which people are treated with respect, kindness, and dignity in interpersonal interactions

Answer 17

Interactional Justice

Question 18

whether the person believes that high levels of effort will lead to outcomes of interest, such as performance or success

Answer 18

Expectancy

Question 19

the degree to which the person believes that performance is related to subsequent outcomes, such as rewards

Answer 19

Instrumentality

Question 20

The anticipated satisfaction that will result from an outcome

Answer 20

Valence

Question 21

Making sure that behavior is met with positive consequences

Answer 21

Positive Reinforcement

Question 22

Removal of unpleasant outcomes once desired behavior is demonstrated

Answer 22

Negative Reinforcement

Question 23

The removal of rewards following negative behavior

Answer 23

Extinction

Question 24

presenting negative consequences following unwanted behaviors

Answer 24

Punishment

Question 25

breaking down jobs into their simplest components and assigning them to employees so that each person would perform a select number of tasks in a repetitive manner

Answer 25

Job specializaiton

Question 26

moving employees from job to job at regular intervals

Answer 26

Job Rotation

Question 27

expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety

Answer 27

Job Enlargement

Question 28

a job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks

Answer 28

Job Enrichment

Question 29

the changes employees make to their own job description

Answer 29

Job Crafting