Midterm 2 Flashcards
Conformity definition
changes in behavior or beliefs caused by real or imagined social pressure
Moderators of conformity
large group,high unamity, high status
Minority influence
- continuity and consistency
- informational social influence
Negative and positive effects of conformity
- Recycling
- Drug abuse
Consistency
- foot in door
- low balling
- bait and switch
- labelling
Reciprocity
- door in face
- thats not all
Illusion of control
- reverse psychology
- scarcity
Example of conformity
-trying drug/alcohol in high school
Why do people help others
- social norms
- evolutionary
- social exchange theory (minimize costs,maximise rewards)
Kin selection
-more likely to help family in life and death but no difference in non emergency situation
Personal determinants of prosocial
- empathy (high empathy leads to more help)
- gender (men help in life threatening events, women are more caring)
- lower ses more likely to help
- cultural (ingroup)
- mood (feel good/bad help, feel nothing do nothing)
Situational determinants of prosocial
- number of people present
- ambiguity
- diffusion of responsibilty
- time pressure
- pluralistic ignorance (attribution)
5 steps to helping
- notice event
- define as emergency
- assuming responsibility
- knowing how to help
Kin selection study
Burning building
IV: related or not
DV: Likeliness of helping
Way to increase bystander effect
-minority
Way to decrease bystander effect
- have less people
- single someone out
definition/types of aggression
Hostile/reactive aggression-rage, intent to injure
Instrumental/proactive aggression-planned, means to an end
Personal determinants of agression
- testosterone
- gender differences (men more aggressive)
- age (toddlers more aggressive)
- culture (south us more aggressive/honor)
- cognitive bias (hostile attribution)
Situational determinants of aggression
- pain and discomfort (heat)
- alcohol
- aggression cues (weapons,black jersey)
- frustration, relative deprivation (not getting what you expect)
Definition of catharsis
/experiment
-acting aggressive will reduce aggression
IV:Type of activity (Punching bag, running, nothing)
DV: Drops of hot sauce given to confederate
Affect
Behavior
Cognition
Prejudice
Discrimination
Stereotype
modern/aversive racism
-Recognize prejudice is bad but are unaware they are prejudiced
Sources of prejudice
- social learning
- conflict (unemployment
- social identity (outgroup)
- social cognition
Controlling stereotypes
- automatic activation
- suppression (didnt last very long)
- selective activation of multiple stereotypes