Midterm 2 Flashcards
Attention
The process of focussing on specific objects while ignoring others
Visual scanning
A mechanism for selecting certain things in the visual environment for enhanced processing by looking from one place to another; this is necessary because there is only one place on the retina (cone rich fovea) that creates good detail vision
Fixation
Each time you briefly paused on one face; brief pause
- provides us with the opportunity to focus on a particular person (or object) so that we can recognize him/ her/ it
Saccadic eye movement
A rapid jerky movement from one fixation to the next
- allow us to shift our attention and focus to other people and objects in a scene
Overt attention
Attention that involves looking directly at the attended object (ex scanning)
Covert attention
Attention without looking
- enables you to monitor actions another person without staring
- faking in sports
Visual salience
Scene regions that are markedly different from their surroundings, whether in color, contrast, movement, or orientation
- attract attention
Attentional capture
Situations in which properties of a stimulus grab attention, seemingly against a person’s will
Saliency map
Reveals which regions are visually different from the rest of the scene
- regions greater visual salience denoted brighter regions in saliency map
- first few fixations more likely occur on high saliency areas
- later influenced by cognitive processes depend on knowledge, goals, interests, and expectations
Perceptual completion
The perception of an object as extending behind occlusive objects
Habituation
- infants more likely look at novel stimulus so familiarize infant with one stimulus but not another, look less at it as become more familiar
Dishabituation
An increase in looking time when the stimulus is changed
