Midterm 2 (3.2.1)

Question 1

Protists

Answer 1

Protists are eukaryotes that are not plants, fungi or animals

Some protists are more closely related to animals, plants or fungi than other protists

Earliest eukaryotic cells

Most are unicellular
– Some form colonies or are multicellular

Diverse forms of nutrition
– Photoautotrophs
– Heterotrophs

Many have flagella or cilia

Asexual or sexual reproduction

Found anywhere there is water
26

Animal-like (how they get nutrition): Protozoa

Plant-like (how they get nutrition): Photosynthetic:
- Include algae
- Contain chloroplasts
- Have cell walls

Question 2

Protozoa

Answer 2

Ingestive heterotrophs
- Obtain food by phagocytosis
- Inhabit fresh H2O, marine & soil habitats

Examples
– Ciliates includes paramecium -> Use cilia to move and feed, live in fresh water
– Amoebas -> Move and feed by pseudopodia

Question 3

Chlamydomonas

Answer 3

Unicellular algae, has 2 flagella

Question 4

Volvox

Answer 4

Colonial algae, exhibiting division of labour between cells
- Parent colony is hollow ball
- Daughter colonies located inside

Question 5

Diatoms

Answer 5

Unicellular or colonial

Cell walls contain silica

Question 6

Dinoflagellates

Answer 6

Many produce toxic or bioluminescent compounds

Responsible for some red tides

Question 7

Plant-like protists

Answer 7

Red algae, green algae

2 groups of green algae:
- Charophytes: most closely related to land plants
- Chlorophytes

Chlamydomonas
Volvox
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Multicellular
- Ulva (sea lettuce)
- Caulerpa (intertidal chlorophyte)

Question 8

Fungal-like protists

Answer 8

Absorptive heterotrophs
- aquire nutrients as decomposers or parasites