Midterm 2 Flashcards
one of the earliest substances used for writing. It is from the name papyrus that the word paper was derived.
Egyptian papyrus
added to paper to give weight. It partially fills the pores between the fibers of the paper.
Loading material
added to paper to improve its texture. Examples of sizing materials are rosin, casein, gelatin and starch.
Sizing material
practically all papers maybe classified from the standpoint of their basic fiber composition into sets of fiber mixtures namely:
Fiber Composition
An original or official written or printed-paper furnishing information or used as a proof of somet something else. Is any object that contains handwritten or typewritten makings whose source or authenticity is in doubt.
DOCUMENT
a test applied on paper without perceptible changing altering the original appearance of the document.
Physical test causing No perceptible Change
Marks produced on paper by the flexible wire soldered to the surface of the dandly roll that carries the watermark.
Wiremark
if present is one of the most important features in the comparison of paper.
Watermark
deals with the appearance of the document
Preliminary Examination
this is done only it sufficient samples are available and if prior authorization from the court is required this can be done.
Physical Examination causing a Perceptible Change
test determines the fiber composition, the loading material and sizing material used in the paper.
Chemical Test
It can detected by addition of Million’s reagent on the paper. Pink color appears if casein present.
Casein
adda dilute iodine solution on the paper. Blue color is produced if starch is present.
Starch
is extracted by heating the paper on a water bath with 95% alcohol.
Rosin
extracted by boiling the paper in water. The solution is tested with dilute tannic acid solution. Positive is yellow precipitated.
Gelatine
