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Forensic Science > Midterm 2 > Flashcards

Midterm 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Presumptive tests

A

Tests that are non-specific and help a forensics science identify several particular drugs, that the substance is likely to be

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2
Q

LSD

A

Originally produced from ergot fungus that is found on some plants and grasses

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3
Q

Drugs

A

Substances that produce physiological or psychological effects in humans

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4
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Alter an individuals, mood perceptions, or thoughts

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5
Q

Ecstasy

A

One of the most popular club drugs originally presented as an appetite, suppressant this synthetic drug produces feelings of happiness, as well as hallucinations

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6
Q

Depressants

A

Slow down the central nervous system

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7
Q

Club drugs

A

Synthetic drugs that are typically used in bars, night clubs, raves, and other gatherings

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8
Q

Color tests

A

Involve introducing a chemical reaction to the drug and observing whether or not the material changes color

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9
Q

Barbiturates

A

A form of depressants. They are often referred to as “downers” as they tend to relax individual and produce sleep.

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10
Q

Opium

A

Milky substance that is obtained by cutting into the unripe, pod of the poppy plant, which is found in many parts of Asia

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11
Q

Stimulants

A

Speed up the central nervous system

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12
Q

Confirmatory tests

A

Prove a drugs identity

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13
Q

cocaine

A

Extracted from the coca plant, which is found in tropical areas of Asia and South America
#stimulant drug

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14
Q

Narcotics

A

Painkilling or pain, reducing substances that tend to reduce the rates of bodily functions, like pulse and breathing
Many produced from opium
#drug

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15
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

A chemical produced, when organic materials are not completely combusted

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16
Q

Toxicology

A

The study of substances that cause adverse effects in humans or other organisms

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17
Q

Hermann Boerhaave

A

Dutch botanist and physician, who suggested that poisons could be detected in a persons body through the use of chemical means
#poison

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18
Q

Forensic toxicology

A

The use of toxicology in the process of investigating deaths, drug cases, or suspected poisonings

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19
Q

Strychnine

A

Comes from the seeds of the strychnine tree; poisoning can occur through consumption, inhalation, or absorption by mucous membranes
#poison

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20
Q

Arsenic

A

Has probably killed more individuals than any other poison
The substance is actually a common element, found in the crust of the Earth, as well as other natural locations, and most of the compounds found have little taste or odor

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21
Q

Ricin

A

Naturally produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant, it is extremely poisonous when ingested or inhaled
#poison

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22
Q

Reinsch test

A

Test used to determine the presence of heavy metals
#Poison

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23
Q

Cyanide

A

Poison used in the infamous Jonestown massacre in 1978. Where over 900 people died.

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24
Q

Johan, Daniel Metzger

A

Developed a method of detecting arsenic in solutions

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25
Q

Mathieu Orfila

A

I Spanish, born chemist, who published one of the first written, works educated to the topic of poisons and medication’s

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26
Q

Aconite

A

Sometimes known as women’s bane , wolfsbane, or monks head, this poison comes from the aconite plant
#poison

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27
Q

Joseph Plenic

A

Suggested that detection and identification of poisons needed to occur through the organs of the body, in order to be sure of poisoning

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28
Q

Percent saturation

A

The ratio of hemoglobin that has been combined with carbon monoxide in comparison to hemoglobin that has been combined with oxygen

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29
Q

James marsh

A

Developed a way to test for arsenic in tissue

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30
Q

Natural variations

A

Small differences that appear in any repeated samples of a persons handwriting

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31
Q

Questioned document

A

Any document with handwriting or type writing that is in question as to its authenticity

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32
Q

Erasure

A

The removal of hand, writing, typescript, or another feature of a document using chemicals, abrasive surfaces (sandpaper, and eraser, etc) or other means

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33
Q

Obliteration

A

The crossing out or overriding of original material to make it unreadable

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34
Q

Transmitting terminal identifier

A

Header that is printed on the top of each fax

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35
Q

Digitizing

A

Happens when a document image is stored in digital memory

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36
Q

Exemplars

A

Authentic samples that are compared to the questioned document

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37
Q

Altered documents

A

Documents that have been changed in some way

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38
Q

Stereoscopic microscope

A

Provides a three-dimensional image of an item, although it does not have the magnifying power of a compound microscope

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39
Q

Microscopes

A

Devices that use lenses to magnify items

40
Q

Natural fibers

A

Fibers made from plant or animal materials

41
Q

Manufactured fibers

A

Made up of polymers

42
Q

Comparison, microscope

A

Combines two microscope’s into one unit, allowing the viewer to see what is under each of the lenses at the same time

43
Q

Solvent

A

Works to dissolve or dispersing substances into a liquid form
#paint

44
Q

Compound microscope

A

Has two lenses and can magnify an item up to 1500 times

45
Q

Molecule

A

Two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds

46
Q

PDQ

A

Paint data query,
A database of information about vehicle paint

47
Q

Pigments

A

Consist of both organic and non-organic compounds and materials that are added to paint to produce a particular color

48
Q

Scanning electron microscope

A

Works by shooting a beam of electrons at an item and recording the electron emissions that occur

49
Q

Binders

A

Substances that provides support or structure for the pigment in paint

50
Q

Polymers

A

Substance is made up of many atoms, with the atoms arranged in repeating patterns

51
Q

The Scott test is used when which drug is suspected

A

Cocaine

52
Q

What type of drug is barbiturates?

A

Depressants

53
Q

What plant is opium produced from

A

Unripe pod of poppy plant

54
Q

The van urk test is used when which drug is suspected

A

LSD

55
Q

To test for the presence of drugs in humans, they use

A

Blood hair saliva

56
Q

Stimulants are also called what

A

Uppers

57
Q

Most commonly and widely used a depressant in the US

A

Alcohol

58
Q

What drug slows down the central nervous system

A

Depressants

59
Q

What does spectrophotometry use to help identify drugs

A

Light

60
Q

What drug is ecstasy?

A

Club drugs

61
Q

What type of drugs are legal painkillers like OxyContin?

A

Narcotics

62
Q

What do microcrystalline tests examine about the crystals that form?

A

Morphology

63
Q

What is used in a Reinsch test?

A

A copper strip

64
Q

What is women’s bane or wolfsbane?

A

Aconite

65
Q

The high rate of death during the 1918 Spanish influenza has due in part to what

A

Aspirin toxicity

66
Q

Characteristics of poison that are attracting to criminals

A

Easily hidden taste and odor
Easy administration
Easily found and accessible

67
Q

Which poison was used in the Jonestown massacre

A

Cyanide

68
Q

Symptoms of arsenic

A

Meeslines in fingernails and toenails
Darkening skin
Peripheral nerve problems
Irritation to the stomach and intestines
Pain and vomiting, diarrhea

69
Q

Example of a heavy metal that is toxic to humans

A

Arsenic

70
Q

Which poison can be identified by a color test?

A

Cyanide

71
Q

When carbon monoxide enters the bloodstream

A

It combines with hemoglobin

72
Q

The percent saturation of carbon monoxide poisoning is always 34%

A

False false false

73
Q

Ricin might be used as

A

A potential terrorist weapon

74
Q

Elements that influence our hand writing

A

The way we hold a pencil
The pressure we use to write
The speed we write with

75
Q

Same words and phrases as the question document

A

Is helpful

76
Q

What might be used to help enhance the information on a receipt

A

Digitizing

77
Q

Stamp signatures are

A

Not always illegal

78
Q

To see if correction fluid has been used on a document

A

It can be put up in front of the light in the area will appear opaque

79
Q

Transmitting terminal identifier is found on documents from what device

A

Fax machine

80
Q

To take a sample of ink on a document

A

Forensic scientist may take a needle with a blunt and and punch it through the document on an ink line

81
Q

Who maintains a database of thin layer, chromatography results for different pens, ink, and toners

A

The US, Secret Service and the IRS

82
Q

Exemplary are what type of sample

A

Authentic

83
Q

A compound microscope can magnify up to

A

1500 times

84
Q

When a polarized white light is sent through a synthetic fiber, how many perpendicular rays are created

A

Two

85
Q

Which microscope has the highest potential magnification?

A

Scanning electron microscope

86
Q

Fibers are only valuable when

A

They can determine where it came from

87
Q

Scanning electron microscope works by

A

Shooting a beam of electrons at the item, and recording the electron emissions that occur

88
Q

What does pigment do to paint

A

Gives it color

89
Q

The most widely found natural fiber is

A

Cotton

90
Q

Polymers contain how many atoms

A

Thousands

91
Q

Microspectrophotometer measures what

A

Light absorption

92
Q

What microscope produces a three-dimensional image of the object under the lens

A

Stereoscopic microscope

93
Q

How many layers of paint are there on typical manufactured vehicles?

A

For

94
Q

Taking a cross-section of a fiber can reveal

A

The shape of the fiber

95
Q

Pigments are made of

A

Natural and unnatural materials

Forensic Science (4 decks)

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