Midterm Flashcards
These landmarks help the nurse to identify the position of underlying organs and to record abnormal assessment findings.
Chest Landmarks
Components structures:
lips
oral mucosa
tongue and floor of the mouth
teeth and gums
hard and soft palate
uvula
salivary glands
tonsillar glands
tonsillar pillars
tonsils
Three pairs of salivary glands empty into the oral cavity:
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
are 2 problems that most frequently affect the teeth?
Dental caries (cavities) and periodontal disease (pyorrhea)
is an invisible soft film that adheres to the enamel surface of teeth
Plaque
is visible, hard deposit of plaque and dead bacteria that forms at the gum lines
Tartar
Periodontal disease is characterized by:
gingivitis
bleeding,
receding gum lines
formation of pockets between the teeth and the gums
Other problems nurses may see include:
*glossitis (inflammation of the tongue)
*stomatitis (inflammation of the oral mucosa)
*parotitis (inflammation of the parotid salivary gland)
Assessing the Mouth and Oropharynx EQUIPMENT;
clean gloves
tongue depressor
2x2 guaze pad (OS)
penlight
the tonsils are behind the tonsil pillars (the soft structures supporting the soft plalate)
Grade 1
the tonsils are between the pillars and the uvula
Grade 2
the tonsils touch the uvula
Grade 3
one or both tonsils extend to the midline of the oropharynx
Grade 4
Tiny purple or bluish black swollen areas (varicosities) under the tongue, known
caviar spots,
The teeth may show signs of
staining, erosion, chipping, and abrasions due to loss of dentin.
