Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Element

A

Basic form of matter

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2
Q

Compound

A

2+ elements combined

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3
Q

Homogeneous Mixture

A

same thru out

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4
Q

Heterogeneous Mixture

A

different thru out

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5
Q

Broken down physical change, chemical, or neither

A

Element - neither

Compound - chemically

Mixture - physically

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6
Q

What are intensive physical properties

A

observed w/out permanently changing substance

density, color, and boiling point

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7
Q

Chemical property

A

Flammability or reacting w/acid or Cl

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8
Q

Four signs of chemical change

A

1) unexpected color change
2) change in heat or light
3) producing new gas
4) formation of precipitate

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9
Q

Solid

A

Definite volume and shape
Movement of paricles: Vibration

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10
Q

Liquid

A

Definite volume, not definite shape
Movement: Flowing

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11
Q

Gases

A

Not definite shape or volume
Movement: random

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12
Q

Scientific notation

A

move the decimal so that the number is one whole and one after the decimal

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13
Q

Sig Fig rules

A

1) non-zero numbers = significant
2) zero at the end, after decimal = sig
3) zero’s between numbers = sig
4) zero at end w/out decimal = not sig
5) zero at beginning before/after decimal = not sig

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14
Q

Calculation sig fig rules

A

multi/div: least number of sig figs

add/sub: least number of decimals

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15
Q

Calculation triangle

A

m/d*v

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16
Q

Volume of rectangular cub

A

V = to length * width * height

17
Q

Water displacement

A

1) put water in gradulated cylinder & record volume
2) add irregular solid to cylinder & record new volume
3) subtract finial volume & initial volume

18
Q

Average

A

add all numbers then divide by number of trials

19
Q

Precise Data

A

similar values for each trial

20
Q

Accurate data

A

close to accepted value

21
Q

Define Atom

A

smallest part of an element w/ the properties of that element

22
Q

Molecule

A

2+ atoms chemically combined

23
Q

Protons, Electrons, & neutrons

A

Protons: pos charge, 1 amu mass, located inside the atom

Electrons: neg charge, 0 amu mass, located outside the atom

Neutrons: no charge, 1 amu mass, located inside the atom

24
Q

Equations

A

M= p + n
A = p = e
n = M - A
Mass over Atomic number when reading an element

25
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element w/ same # of protons but different number of neutrons Ex. C-12. C-13, and C-14
26
Why aren't mass numbers whole numbers?
it is the weighted average of all isotopes in an element
27
Fusion
radioactive nucleus is hit w/a neutron (split into two or more smaller atoms) can lead to chain reactions
28
Fission
smaller atoms combine = new atom w/ bigger mass require high temp + heat
29
Alpha partical
4^2He
30
Beta partical
0^-1e
31
Wave
point w/ complete wave
32
frequency
more waves
33
Energy
= frequency
34