Electrons & the Periodic Table Flashcards
Q2
What is particle-wave duality?
everything has properties of waves and particles
What is a crest?
the top of a wave
What is a trough?
the bottom of a wave
What is a wavelength?
the section from crest to crest or trough to trough
What is a photon?
A particle of energy
Why do elements produce an emission line spectrum instead of a continuous spectrum?
- specific colors b/c specific energy levels electrons can move between
- a continuous spectrum is only produced by white light
What does Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle say?
Impossible to know the location and velocity of an electron at the same time
What is an Orbital?
areas where electrons are found
How may electrons can each orbital hold?
two electrons
How do the sizes of orbitals change as you go down a column?
get bigger
What are the similarities and differences b/w Mendeleev’s periodic table and the current periodic table.
Mendeleev: increasing atomic mass
Similarities: similar physical/chemical properties
Current: increasing atomic number
Does atomic radius increase or decrease moving across a period? Explain.
Decreases - more protons attracting the electrons
Define Ionization energy
amount of energy to remove one electron
How does ionization energy change going down a family? Explain.
Decreases - easier to remove electron
Define electronegativity
ability of an atom to attract electron
How does electronegativity change going across a period? Explain.
Increases
easier for smaller radius to attract electrons
What do metals do when they from ions to react?
lose electrons and form ions when they react
Are metals more reactive when they have a small or large radius? Explain.
more reactive w/ large radius b/c easier to lose electrons
What do nonmetals do when they form ions to react?
gain electrons to form ions when forming ionic bonds
Are nonmetals more reactive when they have a small or large radius? Explain.
more reactive w/ small radius b/c easier to gain electron
What elements are metals?
Every element right of the division line
What elements are nonmetals?
every element left of the division line
What elements are metalliods?
elements touching the division line
What is a family?
up/down a column
