Midterm

Question 0

Physical change

Answer 0

A change in which the basic identity of the substance does not change
Examples:
• cutting wire
• compressing a gas
• distillation
• dissolving sugar in water

Question 1

Chemical change

Answer 1

When there is a change in the identities of the substances and new substances with different identities are formed
Example: 
• rusting of iron
• combustion of wood 
• ripening of a tomato
• apple slices turning brown
• decomposing of H2O2 into H2O and O2

Question 2

Solution

Answer 2

There is no Tyndall Effect in solution. Light passes through solution, but the particles do not reflect light.

Question 3

Suspension

Answer 3

A suspension can be filtered. Light does not filter through.

Question 4

Colloid

Answer 4

While a suspension will separate out a colloid will not. Colloids can be distinguished from solutions using the Tyndall effect. Light passes through.

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

One type of atom

Question 6

Compound

Answer 6

Two or more different atoms bonded together

Question 7

Mixture

Answer 7

Two or more compounds or elements mixed together

Question 8

Allotropes

Answer 8

Two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state

Question 9

Alloys

Answer 9

Mixtures composed of two or more elements at least of one which is metal

Question 10

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 10

A mixture where the components that make up the mixture are uniformly distributed throughout the mixture.p

Question 11

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 11

A mixture where the components of the mixture are not uniform or have localized regions with different properties

Question 12

Dalton

Answer 12

Said all matter is made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms, atoms of the same elements are identical, those of different atoms are different, atoms of different elements combine in whole number rations to form compounds, chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms

Question 13

Democritus

Answer 13

Originated the idea that all things were made of small pieces

Question 14

Cathode ray tube

Answer 14

Tube used to pass electricity through a gas that is contained at a very low pressure

Question 15

J.J. Thomson

Answer 15

Theorized that an atom was like a bunch of positive stuff, with the electrons stuck in it (plum pudding model)

Question 16

Bohr

Answer 16

Said electrons exist only in orbits with specific amounts of energy he called energy levels

Question 17

Mass number

Answer 17

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 18

Emission spectrum

Answer 18

Each element has a unique bright-line emission of light energy that is emitted by excited atoms as they return to ground state

Question 19

Photon

Answer 19

Quantum of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another

Question 20

Rutherford

Answer 20

Formed a new model of the atom after he fired alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil and observed that few particles were deflected so be concluded that an atom is mostly empty space with a small, sense, positive nucleus

Question 21

Isotope

Answer 21

Atoms of an element that are chemically alike but differ in mass

Question 22

Moseley

Answer 22

Organized the element by increasing atomic number, currently arranged this way

Question 23

Actinide series

Answer 23

Second series of inner transition elements have atomic numbers ranging from 90 Th to 103 Lr

Question 24

Mendeleev

Answer 24

Organized the elements by increasing atomic mass

Question 25

Ionization energy

Answer 25

Energy required to move one e- from a neutral atom

• as groups increase, ionization increases. As periods decrease, ionization decreases

Question 26

Radius

Answer 26

As you move across a group, the radius decreases. Increases from top to bottom of a period

Question 27

Electronegative element

Answer 27

As group increase, electronegative energy increases, as you move down a period, electronegative energy decreases

Question 28

Melting point

Answer 28

Non metal carbon posses the highest melting point if all elements

Question 29

Metallic

Answer 29

Metallic characteristics decrease as groups increase
Increases down a period
Metal character to ability to lose electrons and nonmetallic character relates to ability to gain electrons

Question 30

Inorganic

Answer 30

Compounds that do not contain carbon

Question 31

Organic

Answer 31

Compounds that contain carbon

Question 32

Properties of metal

Answer 32

Shiny, malleable, reacts with acid to form H2 gas

Question 33

Properties of nonmetals

Answer 33

Brittle, dull, nonconductor