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PSY657 Psychopathology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different street drugs, and how are they classified? (HOSS)

A
  1. Marijuana / Psilocybin / LSD / PCP: Hallucinogens
  2. Heroin / Morphine / Codeine: Opiate
  3. Cocaine / Meth: Stimulant
  4. Alcohol: Sedative
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2
Q

Which class of drugs treat which disorders? (PDAB)

A

Psychotic Disorders: Antipsychotic / Neurotropics
Depression: SSRI, SNRI, MAOI, sometimes antipsychotic
Antianxiety: Benzos
Bipolar: Lithium, mood stabl., carbamez., antipsychotics [not anti-depressants bc can cause mania]

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3
Q

Define Tolerance

A

Need more of a substance to have the same impact

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4
Q

Define Withdrawal

A

Phys symptoms like sweating, tremors, tension bc of lack of substance

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5
Q

Define Substance Dependence (3)

A
  1. Psych need for more substance
  2. will exhibit withdrawal symptoms without it
  3. high tolerance
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6
Q

Pathological Gambling (core criteria)

A
  1. 4+ persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behaviors that lead to impairment/distress
  2. over 12 months
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7
Q

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) (core criteria)

A
  1. 2+ years of depressed mood
  2. 2 symptoms
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8
Q

Major Depressive Disorder (core criteria)

A
  1. 5+ symptoms over 2 week period
  2. 1+ symptom must be either or both depressed mood AND loss of interest/pleasure
  3. Sxs for present nearly every day (except for weight change/SI)
  4. Depressed mood nearly all day every day
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9
Q

Major Depressive Episode (core criteria)

A
  1. 5+ symptoms over 2 week period
  2. 1+ symptom must be either or both depressed mood AND loss of interest/pleasure
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10
Q

Difference between MDD and Major Depressive Episode

A

A Major Depressive Episode can happen within MDD but can also happen with other disorders. It’s specific to a length of time. MDD has a hx of many MDE over time

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11
Q

3 Types of Mood Episodes

A
  1. Manic
  2. Depressive
  3. Hypomanic
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12
Q

Key Differences between Bipolar I and Bipolar II

A
  • Mania occurs ONLY in Bipolar I
  • Bipolar II is mainly depressive
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13
Q

Down’s syndrome is a ___

A

chromosomal abnormality / trisomy 21

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14
Q

Severe intellectual disabilities (description + list)

A
  1. are deficits in mental abilities or impairments to adaptive functioning
  2. NOT ADHD (“how” learn vs “can” learn)
  3. Disorders: Specific Learning, Motor, ASD,
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15
Q

Some genetic disorders that can cause intellectual disabilities

A

Fragile X (x)
Turners (x)
Klinefelter’s (xxy)
trisomy 21 = down syndrome

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16
Q

What areas of functioning are affected with ADHD? (2)

A

Focus and motivation

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17
Q

What class of drugs is prescribed for treatment of ADHD?

A

stimulants

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18
Q

What areas of functioning are affected with ASD?

A

Social disturbances/issues and communication issues across multiple contexts

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19
Q

What symptoms fall under inattention vs hyperactivity?

A
  1. Inattention: focus and exec functioning
  2. Hyperactivity: physical, impulsive, on the go, talking too much
20
Q

Name for “bed-wetting”

A

Enuresis

21
Q

Tic Disorder

A

Motor or vocal

22
Q

Tourette’s (core criteria)

A
  1. 2+ motor tics and 1+ vocal tics
  2. 1+ year, many xs per day
  3. 7-18 years old onset
23
Q

Schizoaffective Disorder (core criteria)

A
  1. Mood disorder + schizophrenia
  2. (hypo)mania + depression + baseline all include psychotic symptoms
24
Q

3 Subtypes of Schizophrenia

A
  1. Paranoid
  2. Catatonic
  3. Disorganized
25
Q

Define Delusions (+ 10 examples)

A

fixed, false beliefs

  1. Persecutory
  2. Referential
  3. Grandiose
  4. Somatic
  5. Erotomanic
  6. Nihilistic (catastrophic)
  7. Thought broadcasting
  8. Thought insertion
  9. Thought withdrawal (removal)
  10. Control
26
Q

Define Hallucinations

A

sensory without external stimulus

27
Q

Define Illusions

A

Something intending to mess with your perception (art)

28
Q

Define Anhedonia

A

anti-pleasure seeking / enjoyment seeking

29
Q

Define Avoltion

A

apathy

30
Q

Define Prodromal

A

Pre-symptom onset

31
Q

What are the positive symptoms regarding schizophrenia?

A

Anything “added”. Hallucinations, delusions, loose associations, bizarre bhx, catatonia

32
Q

What are the negative symptoms regarding schizophrenia?

A

Anything “removed”. Flat affect, alogia, avolition, anhedonia

33
Q

What’s the class of drug treatment for psychotic disorders?

A

Antipsychotic / Neuroleptics

34
Q

Brief Psychotic Disorder (core criteria)

A
  1. Less than 1 month
  2. 1+ psychotic symptoms
35
Q

What are common psychotic symptoms? (3)

A

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech

36
Q

Delusional Disorder (core criteria)

A
  1. Can come across relatively normal functioning
  2. 1+ delusions, 1+ months (bizarre/non-bizarre)
  3. If manic/depressive cycle BUT delusions disappear at baseline, it’s NOT Delusional Disorder (Likely SAD)
37
Q

Neurocognitive Disorders 9 areas of impairment (MOLEAIPCV)

A

Memory
Orientation
Learning
Emotional Control
Apathy
Initiation of Bhx
Property / Ethical
Communication
Visuospatial

38
Q

NCD due to Alzheimer’s stats (3)

A
  • 60-90% of demensias
  • Live 10 years after diagnosis
  • 5-10% in 70s, 25% when older
39
Q

NCD due to Alzheimer’s treatment

A
  1. Biological: No known cure. Just lessening symptoms
  2. Behavioral: Labeling pics, orientation charts / calls, ID bracelets
40
Q

Criteria of NCD due to Alzheimer’s Disease

A
  1. Abnormal, significant change
  2. Deficits interfere with daily life
  3. Insidious, gradual onset in mem, learning, and 1+ cog fx
41
Q

NCD due to Alzheimer’s Disease w/o genetic component (3 features)

A
  1. Clear decline in mem/learning
  2. Steady decline in cognition, no plateaus
  3. No other etiology
42
Q

Risks of NCD due to Alzheimer’s

A

Older, female, smoker, less ed, lower SES, head trauma, obesity, diabetes, hx of dep

43
Q

Age ranges for anorexia, bulimia, Binge Eating Disorder

A
  1. Anorexia: 16 - 20
  2. Bulimia 21 - 24
  3. BED: 30 - 50 (most common)
44
Q

Personality disorders and eating disorders

A

Cluster C (anxious-avoidant PDs) = Anorexia and Bulimia
Cluster B (erratic and emo PDs like BPD) = BED

45
Q

How is obesity determined?

A

BMI of 30+

weight / height^2 x 703

PSY657 Psychopathology (3 decks)

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