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Neuro Tx > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

motor loss =

A

flaccidity

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2
Q

weakness =

A

paresis

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3
Q

sensory loss =

A

anesthesia

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4
Q

sensory impairment =

A

paresthesia

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5
Q

pain =

A

dysesthesia

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6
Q

first degree nerve lesion

A

neuropraxia

no structural damage
local demyelination of nerve fibers
weeks-month recovery
loss of motor function but sesnory and autonomic fibers are unaffected

good prognosis

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7
Q

second degree nerve lesion

A

axonotmesis

prolonged, severe compression
degeneration of axons distal to injury
sensory, motor, autonomic losses occur
endoneurial tube intact

good prognosis

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8
Q

third degree nerve lesion

A

neurotmesis

severance of all or part of nerve trunk
endoneurial tube not intact
sensory,motor,autonomic losses

prognosis is poor

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9
Q

inflammation of nerve

A

neuritis
constant dull pain

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10
Q

abnormal sympathetic reflex resulting in arterial spasm =

A

reflex sympathetic dystrophy AKA complex regional pain syndrome

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11
Q

tumor composed of nerve cells

A

neuromas

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12
Q

nerve pain

A

neuralgia

recurrent attacks of sudden, excrutiating pain along distribution of affected nerve

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13
Q

what nerves are commonly affected with neuralgia

A

trigeminal and intercostal

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14
Q

3 divisions of CN V - trigeminal

A

opthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

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15
Q

severe pain syndrome =

A

causalgia

sudden onset of intense persistent , burning pain

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16
Q

avoid tractioning until…

A

the nerve has fully regenerated

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17
Q

no hydro therapy until..

A

autonomic and vasomotor control has returned

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18
Q

complete radial nerve injury =

C5-T1

A

wrist drop

flaccid extensors

injury proximal to elbow = sensory and motor affected

injury distal to elbow= sensory or motor

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19
Q

complete ulnar nerve injury =

C8-T1

A

claw hand

mm wasting at thenar eminence

oath hand/ benedict

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20
Q

complete median nerve injury =

C5-T1

A

ape hand

loss of thenar flexors, opponens pollicis

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21
Q

rapidly progressing inflammatory disease results in demyelination of peripheral nerves =

A

guillan barre syndrome

caused mainly by vacciness

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22
Q

sciatic nerve innervates what mm’s

A

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
long head biceps femoris
1/2 adductor magnus

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23
Q

mm’s innervated by common peroneal nerve (8)

A

extensor digitorum longus
peroneus longus
tib ant
extensor hallucis longus
peroneus brevis
peroneus tertius
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis

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24
Q

mms innervated by tibial

A

gastroc
soleus
plantaris
popliteus
tib post
flex digitorum longus
flex hallucis longus

intrinsic mms
flexor digitorum brevis
flexor hallucis brevis
abductor hallucis
adductor hallucis
lumbricals
interossei

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25
Q

complete sciatic nerve lesion =

A

foot drop

paralysis of dorsiflexors and evertors cause foot to hang in plantar flexion and inversion

person must lift leg high to walk, placing toe down first

steppage gait

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26
Q

loss of intrinsic foot mms w tibial nerve lesion =

A

claw toe

hyperextension at MTP and flexion of IP

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27
Q

what portion of leg carries the bulk of autonomic fibers

A

tibial portion

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28
Q

lesions involving tibial nerve =

A

severe trophic changes and edema in sole of foot and toes

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29
Q

what can occur with sciatic nerve lesions involving the tibial branch

A

causalgia

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30
Q

where is altered sensation experienced with the peroneal division

A

lateral and anterior surface of lower leg and foot , medial malleous

31
Q

erbs paralysis

A

injury to UPPER brachial plexus C5/C6 nerve roots

32
Q

presentation of erb’s

A

waiters tip

shoulder adducted and internally rotated
elbow extended
forearm pronated
wrist and fingers flexed

33
Q

klumpke’s paralysis

A

injury involving LOWER brachial plexus
C8/T1 nerve roots

claw hand

horners syndrome

combination of median and ulnar lesion

34
Q

horner’s syndrome

A

manifests on affected side

  • constriction of pupil
  • drooping of eyelid
  • loss of sweating to face and neck
  • recession of eyeball into orbit
35
Q

where does guillan barre typically begin

A

weakness in legs and ascends to trunk and arms

36
Q

with radial nerve lesion where would the fracture be

A

spiral radial groove

dislocation of head of radius, humeroradial and radioulnar joints

37
Q

w median nerve lesion where would the fracture be

A

elbow, wrist, carpal bones

dislocations of elbow, wrist, carpal bones (lunate, scaphoid)

38
Q

what are the thenar mms

A

abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis

39
Q

w ulnar nevre lesion where would the fracture be

A

medial epicondyle , mid forearm or wrist (colles)

dislocation of elbow

40
Q

hypothenar mms

A

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

41
Q

positive fromens sign affects what mm’s ability to maintain firm grip on an object

A

flexor pollicis longus

42
Q

SH depression, abd to 90, elbow flexion, supination, wrist and finger ext, sh ext rotation

A

ULTT IV

43
Q

nerve fibres that travel from CNS to mms are known as

A

efferent

44
Q

area of isolated supply for median nerve

A

tips of 2nd and 3rd digits

45
Q

dermatome over deltoids

A

C5

46
Q

dermatome: buttock, posterior/lateral thigh, lateral leg, dorsum of foot, medial half of sole, 1,2,3 toes

A

L5

47
Q

commoon fracture sites for sciatic

A

pelvis, femur, tibia, fibular head, ankle

dislocations at hip, knee, ankle

compression from piriformis

48
Q

where does the sciatic nerve split

A

popliteal fossa

49
Q

path of sciatic N

A

leaves sacral plexus
through greater sciatic foramen, under piriformis
between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter
deep and follows adductor magnus down leg

50
Q

SH =depression and abduction to 110
elbow = extension
forearm = supination
wrist = extension
fingers and thumb = extension
cervical spine - contralateral side flexion

A

ULTT1
median and anterior interosseous

51
Q

SH = depression and abd to 10
elbow = ext
forearm = supination
wrist = ext
fingers and thumb = ext
shoulder = lateral rotation
cervical = contralateral

A

ULTT2

median N
musculocutaneus
axillary

52
Q

SH = depression, abd to 10
elbow = ext
forearm = pronation
wrist = flexion and ulnar deviation
fingers and thumb = flexion
shoulder = med rotation
cervical - contra side flexion

A

ULTT3

radial

53
Q

SH = depression, abd to 90
elbow = flexion
forearm = supination
wrist = ext and radial deviation
fingers and thumb = extension
shoulder = lateral rotation
cervical = contra side flexion

A

ULTT4

ulnar

54
Q

when the neck is extended, rotated and laterally flexed

A

erbs

55
Q

falling from a height and grab onto something to catch fall causes traction as the body weight stretches the C8/T1 nerve roots

A

klumpkes

median and ulnar lesion

claw hand
wasting of forearm mm’s

56
Q

what is a positive test for tinels

A

paresthesia, or tingling along the disruption of a nerve

common for carpal tunnel

57
Q

locations for tinels test

A

brachial plexus
ulnar nerve
saphenous
common peroneal
deep peroneal
posterior tibial

58
Q

what do afferent/ sensory neurons convery

A

sensory stimuli from the skin and deeper structures to the CNS

59
Q

epineurium around fascicles

A

endoneurium surrounds individual fibers

60
Q

somatic efferent fibers=

A

motor neurons

61
Q

with intercostal neuralgia where is pain especially intense

A

where the cutaneus branches emerge at the spine, at the lateral axillary line and at sternum

62
Q

person tries to make a fist and cannot do it bc only the 4th and 5th digits can be flexed

A

oath hand

63
Q

thumb lying in same plane as the rest of the hand - loss of opposition

A

ape

64
Q

median nerve altered sensation

A

thumb, index, middle and 1/2 of 4th digit of flexor surface, distal 2/3 of palm

65
Q

where does anesthesia occur w median nerve lesion In the fingers

A

DIP jt of 1st and 2nd digits

66
Q

where does anesthesia occur w radial lesion in the hand

A

web between the thumb and second digit

67
Q

where does alterered sensation occur w median nerve lesion

A

posterior arm, forarm and hand, thumb, index, middle, 1/2 ring finger, excluding fingertips

68
Q

5th digit hyperextended and abducted at MCP jt and flexed at IP jt

4th digit hyperextended at MCP w varying amounts of flexion at IP

A

claw hand

69
Q

loss of adductor pollicis =

A

positive froments sign

70
Q

alterered sensation experienced 5th digit, medial half of ring finger, palmar and dorsal

A

ulnar nerve

71
Q

what does the tibial nerve divide into

A

medial and lateral plantar nerves

72
Q

what is formed from the tibial and common peroneal nerve

A

sural nerve

73
Q

where is anesthesia experienced on dorsal surface of the foot at web space between great toe and second digit =

A

peroneal nerve lesion

74
Q

related conditions to sciatic

A

lumbar spine conditions
piriformis syndrome
acute disc herniation
degenerative disc disease

Neuro Tx (6 decks)

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