Midterm Flashcards
What you see on the page, depicts a pitch.
Note
What you hear, determined by the frequency of vibration.
Pitch
5 lines and 4 spaces.
Staff
The unique quality of sound of an instrument
Timbre
A series of pitches that make up a whole idea
Melody
Distance between lowest and highest pitch
Range
Notes that are close together
Conjunct
Notes in a melody that leap around
Disjunct
Distance between two notes
Interval
A complete musical idea
Phrase
What is varied and different within a pulse
Rhythm
Organization of beats in a measure
Meter
Regular pulse in music, does not change
Beat
How notes sound combined
Harmony
The physical combination of notes
Chord
Consists of 8 pitches that move in whole and half steps. Major and Minor.
Scale
Sounds harsh and jarring, needs resolution
Dissonance
Sounds relaxing and pleasing
Consonance
Principle of organization in a major or minor scale
Tonality
Shortest interval between two notes in western music
Half Step
The 8 pitches in a scale
Octave
Raises a note by a half step
Sharp
Lowers a note by a half step
Flat
One single line of music. One voice or instrument.
Monophony
Multiple different musical lines moving at different times.
Polyphony
Multiple musical lines moving at the same time.
Homophony
The structure of the music
Form
Softness and Loudness of the music. P = Soft F= Loud
Dynamics
Speed of the beat
Tempo
Genre of music heard outside of the church
Secular
Genre of music made for the church
Sacred
Each syllable has one pitch
Syllabic
Each syllable has many pitches
Melismatic
Musical pictorilization of words as an expressive device
Word Painting
A word with two definitions. 1) Of the church. 2) Singing without accompaniment.
A Cappella
Music for a small ensemble, 3-10 people
Chamber Music
A secular song in languages outside of the church. Typically concerned with love.
Madrigal
A sacred song in Latin. Important words are Maria, Hallelujah, and Deo.
Motet
The central worship of the Roman Catholic Church. Contains the Ordinary in 5 parts (Kyrie and Gloria are two ordinaries) and the Proper.
Mass
The requirements to perform a piece.
Performing Forces
Someone who is highly skilled
Virtuoso
Secular, Orchestra, Singers, Soloists, Sets and Costumes.
Opera
Sacred, Large Scale Music, Similar to Opera without acting elements. Has Orchestra, Singers, and Soloists.
Oratorio
Sacred music that is smaller and goes in the church. Orchestra, Singers, and Soloists.
Cantata
Heavy on imitation, or different melodic lines that copy each other.
Fugue
Hymns that people can sing in German
Chorale
A collection of dances, each in a different meter. Multimovement work that is typically in the same key.
Dance Suite
Multimovement work with orchestra and soloists
Concerto
Two violins, one viola, one cello.
String Quartet
Piece for solo instruments, or instruments with piano accompaniment.
Sonata
The time period between 400 - 1450 is known as ___
Middle Ages
First female composer. Important during the Middle Ages.
Hildegard of Bingen
The time period between 1450 - 1600 is known as ___
The Renaissance
Prolific composer of Renaissance Motets. Important composer of the Renaissance Period.
Palestrina
The time period between 1600 - 1750
Baroque Period
Who were the 3 important Baroque composers?
Bach, Handel, Vivaldi
Who were the two important Renaissance composers?
Des Prez and Palestrina
Who were the two important Middle Ages composers?
Hildegard Von Bingen and Machaut
The time period between 1750 - 1825
Classical Period
Who were the 3 important Classical period composers?
Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven
Monophonic sacred genre, earliest genre.
Chant
A secular French song
Chanson
Multimovement piece for orchestra. Typically 4 movements and is typically written in sonata-allegro form.
Symphony
What instruments are in the String Family?
Violin, Viola, Cello, Double Bass, Guitar
What instruments are in the Woodwind Family?
Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon, Saxophone
What Woodwind does not use a reed?
Flute
What Woodwind instruments use a single-reed?
Saxophone, Clarinet
What Woodwind instruments use a double-reed?
Oboe, Bassoon
What do all members of the brass family have in common?
Mouthpiece and bell-shaped end
What instruments are in the Brass family?
Trumpet, Horn, Trombone, Euphonium, Tuba
What instruments are in the Percussion family?
Tympani, Snare Drum, Bass Drum, Cymbal, Xylophone, Marimba, Vibraphone
What instruments are in the Keyboard family?
Piano, Harpsichord, Organ
What is important about the Kyrie?
It is a Gregorian Chant and an example of Monophony. Sacred.
What is important about Fair Phyllis?
Composed by John Farmer. It is a Madrigal. Uses Word-Painting. 4 voices SATB.
What is important about Ave Maria?
Composed by Des Prez. It is a Sacred Motet.
What is important about Gloria?
Composed by Palestrina. Was from the ordinary of the Mass. Sacred. Homophonic.
What is important about the Messiah Chorus?
Composed by Handel. Sacred Oratorio. Virtuosic Soloist. Soprano Aria.
What is important about Spring from The Four Seasons?
Composed by Vivaldi. Concerto. 12 movements total. Seasons use violin soloists.
What is important about Little Fugue in G Minor?
Composed by Bach. Fugue so it used imitation. Played on an organ.
What is important about the Emperor String Quartet?
Composed by Haydn and it is a String Quartet.
What is important about Symphony No. 40?
Composed by Mozart and it is a Symphony.
What is important about Haydn’s Trumpet Concerto in E-Flat Major?
Composed by Haydn and it is a Concerto. Made use of trumpets with valves. This piece has virtuosic trumpet soloists.
What is important about the Moonlight Sonata?
Composed by Beethoven and it is a Sonata.
What is important about Symphony No. 5?
Composed by Beethoven and it is a Symphony.
What is important about the Marriage of Figaro?
Composed by Mozart and it is an Opera Buffa
