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Midterm Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nevus

A

Mole

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2
Q

Catatonia

A

A state of psychologically induced immobility with muscular rigidity.

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3
Q

Pathogenesis

A

The origination and development of a disease.

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4
Q

Liposarcoma

A

Malignancy of fat cells

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5
Q

Onycholysis

A

Painless separation of the nail from the nail bed.

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6
Q

Hematoma

A

A swelling of blood

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7
Q

Dilate

A

Widening, stretching, expanding; Get large

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8
Q

Alopecia

A

Baldness

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9
Q

Mesentery

A

Membrane that holds the intestines together

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10
Q

Ileocecal Sphincter

A

Valve that separates the small intestine from the large intestine to prevent contents from going back into the small intestine once it has entered the large intestine.

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11
Q

Scleroderma

A

Chronic hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissue

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12
Q

Osteomalacia

A

softening of bones

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13
Q

Vertebral

A

Pertaining to the vertebrae

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14
Q

Mutation

A

Change in genetic material (DNA) of a cell

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15
Q

Autism

A

A pervasive development disorder of children characterized by impaired communication, excessive rigidity, and emotional detachment.

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16
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A

Malignant cancerous tumor of cartilage

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17
Q

Postprandial

A

After meals; take 2 turns postprandial prn for indigestions

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18
Q

Parenteral

A

An intravenous line brings parenteral nutrition directly into the blood stream, bypassing the intestinal tract

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19
Q

Cervical

A

Pertaining to the neck of the uterus or neck of the body

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20
Q

Mastectomy

A

Surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes associated lymph nodes and muslces

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21
Q

Hypoglossal

A

Pertaining to below the tongue

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22
Q

Xerostomia

A

dryness of the mouth

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23
Q

Urticaria is caused by:

A

An allergic reaction, typically to specific foods

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24
Q

Gastric

A

Pertaining to the stomach

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25
Q

Biology

A

The study of life

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26
Q

Erythema

A

Reddish color of the skin

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27
Q

Chain of infection

A

1) causative agent
2) reservoir
3) portal of exit
4) mode of transmission
5) portal of entry
6) susceptible host

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28
Q

Epigastric

A

Pertaining to above the stomach; the middle region of the upper zone is the epigastric region

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29
Q

Oncholysis is a symptom of:

A

fungus, trauma, or reaction to medication

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30
Q

Oncology

A

The study of tumors

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31
Q

Xanthoma

A

A condition in which fatty growths develop underneath the skin

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32
Q

Inguinal

A

Pertaining to the groin

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33
Q

Achondroplasia

A

a formation of no cartilage; without cartilage formation; inherited disorder when ones of arms and legs do not grow to normal size because of a defect in cartilage and bone.

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34
Q

Rectocele

A

herniation of the rectum through a defect in the intervening fascia into the vagina

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35
Q

Pyorrhea

A

pus around gums

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36
Q

Coccygeal

A

pertaining to or located in the region of the tail

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37
Q

Pyoderma

A

a skin infection with formation of pus

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38
Q

Dermis

A

Contains blood vessels, lymph, nevus, involuntary muscles, sweat and oil glands and hair follicles

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39
Q

Metaplasia

A

Conversion of normal cells into a less differentiated type in response to chronic stress or injury

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40
Q

Eosinophil

A

a wbc or other granulocyte with cytoplasmic granules that stain with eosin; elevate with allergic reactions and parasitic infections

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41
Q

Intervertebral

A

Pertaining to between the vertebra (backbone)

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42
Q

Buccal Mucosa

A

Mucous membrane lining the cheek

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43
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Aspiration of amniotic fluid surround the womb

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44
Q

Vitiligo (Leukoderm)

A

A disease that causes the loss of skin color in blotches

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45
Q

Papules

A

Firm, raised areas such as pimples and eruptions seen in some stages of chicken pox or syphilis.

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46
Q

Macules

A

Flat spots on the skin such as freckles

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47
Q

Protocol

A

The plan for a course of medical treatment or for a scientific experiment

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48
Q

Ventral

A

pertaining to the belly side of the body

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49
Q

Dermabrasion

A

The removal of superficial layers of the skin with a rapidly revolving abrasive tool, as a technique in cosmetic surgery.

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50
Q

Dysphoria

A

Pertaining to a bad feeling

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51
Q

Colostomy

A

A new opening of the colon to the outside of the body

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52
Q

Mental

A

Pertaining to the mind

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53
Q

Curettage

A

A currette is a spoon shaped tool. It is used to remove material by a scraping action

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54
Q

Craniotomy

A

Surgical removal of part of the skull to expose the brain.

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55
Q

Brachytherapy

A

Radiation delivered in close range to a tumor site

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56
Q

Lymphocyte

A

wbc found in blood and lymphatic tissue

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57
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth

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58
Q

necrotic

A

pertaining to the death of cells

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59
Q

Psychiatrist

A

MD that treats the mind

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60
Q

Incisor

A

One of the four front teeth on either jaw

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61
Q

Kleptomania

A

Obsession with stealing

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62
Q

Schizophrenia

A

A psychosis marked by withdrawal (split) from reality into an inner world of disorganized thinking and conflict.

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63
Q

Metastasis

A

the spread of a malignant tumor from its original site to a new location

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64
Q

Resection

A

operation in which tissue is cut back or removed

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65
Q

Endocrinology

A

The study of glands that secrete

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66
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of bone

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67
Q

Cystocele

A

Hernia of a bladder and especially the urinary bladder.

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68
Q

Proximal

A

Pertaining to near

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69
Q

Steatoma

A

A cyst or tumor of a sebaceous gland

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70
Q

Pustules

A

Pus filled sacs such as those seen in acne or pimples

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71
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder

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72
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Condition of stones in the gallbladder

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73
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

malignant childhood tumor originating in the cells of the nervous system

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74
Q

Histology

A

the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals

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75
Q

Leukocytosis

A

A slight increase in wbc

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76
Q

Spinal column

A

Back bones and vertebrae; BONE tissue

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77
Q

Sialadenitis

A

Inflammation of the salivary glands

78
Q

What is TNM

A

International Staging System (solid tumors)
T= size of tumor
N= number of regional lymph nodes that have invades
M= presence or absence of

79
Q

Lipoma

A

Tumor/mass of fat

80
Q

Erythropenia

A

deficiency in the # of RBC’s

81
Q

Anxiolytic

A

A type of drug that relieves anxiety

82
Q

Orthodontist

A

specialist that straightens teeth

83
Q

Hyperplasia

A

condition of increased formation of cells

84
Q

Apathy

A

absence of emotions; lack of interest or emotional involvment

85
Q

Phlebotomy

A

incision of the vein for removal of blood

86
Q

Enamel

A

Hard outer most layer of a tooth; white, compact and hard substance covering the substance (dentin) of the crown of a tooth

87
Q

Xenophobia

A

Fear of strangers or foreigners

88
Q

Dysplastic

A

Microscopic description of cells that are highly abnormal but not clearly cancerous

89
Q

Angiosarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of blood vessels.

90
Q

Mastication

A

process of chewing

91
Q

Adipose

A

pertaining to fat

92
Q

Dysthymia

A

Depressed mood that is not as severe as depression

93
Q

Grade 1

A

well differentiated= close to cell of origin. High survival rate

94
Q

Dermatology

A

the study of the skin

95
Q

Anaerobic

A

Microorganism that does not need O2 to survive

96
Q

Aerobic

A

requires oxygen to live and grow

97
Q

Chromosomes

A

Bodies of color (when dyed absorb stain and color); spaghetti- like structures in the nucleus of each cell

98
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

Produce sebum, an oil that keeps the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle.

99
Q

Enterocolitis

A

Inflammation of the small intestine and colon

100
Q

Dissociation

A

in order to avoid mental distress, the feelings are redirected toward a second object or behavior patter.

101
Q

Integumentary System

A

A membrane because it covers the body, an organ because it contains several types of tissue, a system because it has organs and other parts that work together to perform a particular function.

102
Q

Dorsal

A

pertaining to the back portion of the body

103
Q

Dentin

A

The chief substance of teeth: surrounding the pulp and covered by enamel of the crown

104
Q

1,2,3,4

A

increase in size or involvement

105
Q

Fomite

A

Inanimate objects contaminated with infections material; ex: door knob, bedpans, urinals, linens, instruments and specimen containers

106
Q

Dermatophytosis

A

Highly contagious fungal infection caused by a dermatophyte (fungus)

107
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration to the skin due to lack of oxygen

108
Q

Hallucinogen

A

A substance that produces hallucinations

109
Q

Xeroderma

A

A condition of extremely dry skin

110
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

A chronic disease characterized by abnormal thickening and hardening of the arterial walls with resulting loss of elasticity

111
Q

Paronychia

A

an infection of the tissue that folds around the nails

112
Q

Angioplasty

A

surgical repair or recanalization of a blood vessel or remolding of a vessel

113
Q

Myoma

A

A tumor consisting of muscle tissue

114
Q

Neurosis

A

A mental disorder in which repressed conflicts lead to mental symptoms such as anxiety and fear that disturb the ability to function

115
Q

Rhytidectomy

A

A surgical procedure that improves visible signs of aging in the face and neck

116
Q

Carcinoma

A

A cancerous or malignant tumor

117
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

persistent decrease in the number of blood platelets that is often associated with hemorrhagic conditions

118
Q

Stage 0

A

undetectable

119
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow discoloration of the skin

120
Q

Achlorhydria

A

condition of no acid, associated with gastric CA

121
Q

Cephalic

A

pertaining to the head

122
Q

Subcutaneous Fascia (Hypodermis)

A

Layer of tissue that is under the skin and connects the skin to muscles and underlying tissues

123
Q

Pyromania

A

Obsession with fire

124
Q

Thoroctomy

A

The process of cutting the chest

125
Q

Causative Agent

A

A virus, bacterium, protozoan, prion, viroid, or fungus

126
Q

Hypogastric

A

pertaining to below the stomach

127
Q

Hypochondriac Region

A

pertaining to the area below the ribs

128
Q

Grade 1 and 2

A

Intermediate in appearance, moderately to poor differentiated. 1,2, and 4 have poor survival rate

129
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining to the middle

130
Q

Seborrhea

A

Excessive discharge of sebum from the sebaceous glands

131
Q

Neuralgia

A

pain of nerves

132
Q

Canine teeth

A

4, pointed, dog like teeth; the 3rd from the mid-line of the jaw

133
Q

Acrophobia

A

Fear of heights

134
Q

Steatorrhea

A

improperly digested malabsorbed fats in the feces

135
Q

Laparoscopy

A

Visual examination of the inside of the abdomen means of a laparoscope– called pertinoeoscopy

136
Q

Myalgia

A

Pain in one or more muscles

137
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Treatment using drugs

138
Q

Albinism

A

a condition of having no pigmentation

139
Q

Ichthyosis

A

a condition of dry and scaly skin, usually of hereditary origin characterized by rough, thick, and scaly skin

140
Q

Gastrostomy

A

New opening of the stomach through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body

141
Q

Splenomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the spleen

142
Q

Tracheostomy

A

A new opening of the trachea into the outside of the body

143
Q

Hemoglobin

A

A blood protein contained in rbc’s carries O2 throughout the body

144
Q

Opthalmoscope

A

instrument used by an ophthalmologist to visually examen the eyes

145
Q

Cyclothymia

A

alternating periods of hypomania and depression

146
Q

Endodontist

A

A dentist specializing in the inner parts of the tooth

147
Q

Pharmocokinetics

A

Study of the distribution in and removal of drugs from the body over a period of time

148
Q

Anterior

A

pertaining to the front side of the body

149
Q

Psychosis

A

A disorder marked by loss of contact with reality: often with delusions and hallucinations

150
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The substance of the protoplasm of a cell, exclusive of the nucleus, which contains various organelles and- iclusion

151
Q

Endocrinologist

A

A specialist in the study of glands that secrete

152
Q

Urticaria (Hives)

A

A rash of round, red welts on the skin that itch intensely, sometimes with dangerous swelling

153
Q

Epidermis

A

The outermost layer of the skin

154
Q

Adenopathy

A

A disease or condition of a gland often enlargment

155
Q

Causalgia

A

A rare pain syndrome related to partial peripheral nerve injuries

156
Q

Agoraphobia

A

fear of leaving home or a safe place

157
Q

Periodontist

A

Dentist specializing in treating the gums

158
Q

Bacteria

A

A simple one celled organism that multiply rapidly

159
Q

Stage

A

Based on the extent of tumor spread

160
Q

Pilosebaceous

A

pertaining to the hair follicles in the sebaceous glands

161
Q

Constrict

A

Get smaller

162
Q

Adenocarcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue; lines the skin, glands, cavities of organs

163
Q

Iliac

A

pertaining to the ilium

164
Q

Distal

A

Pertaining to farther away

165
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, caused by bruising

166
Q

Neoplasm

A

New growth

167
Q

Thoracic

A

Pertaining to the chest

168
Q

Urology

A

Study of the urinary tract

169
Q

Pathologist

A

A specialist in the study of disease. Determines cause of death by examining dead bodies.

170
Q

Grade

A

The appearance of tumor cells, specifically their grade of maturation or differentiation; often used in determining prognosis

171
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Treatment using radiation

172
Q

Xanthelasmas

A

Yellow plagues that occur most commonly near the inner canthus of the eyelid

173
Q

Neuroleptic

A

To seize hold of the nerve

174
Q

Uvulectomy

A

Removal (excision) of the uvula

175
Q

Gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

176
Q

Crusts

A

Area of dried pus and blood commonly called scaly

177
Q

Chondroma

A

Tumor/ swelling of cartilage

178
Q

Mycosis

A

A disease caused by infection with a fungus such as ringworm or thrush

179
Q

Hypodermic

A

Pertaining to below the skin

180
Q

Multiple Myeloma

A

Malignant tumor of bone marrow overproduction of immunoglobulin’s and destruction of bone tissue

181
Q

Epidermolysis

A

A condition of the epidermis breaking down

182
Q

Hypnosis

A

The Greek god of sleep= Hypnos, but put people to sleep by touching them with his magic wand or by fanning them with his dark wings

183
Q

Schizoid

A

Used to describe a mild form of schizophrenia or withdrawn introverted personality

184
Q

Trichomycosis

A

Any disease of the hair caused by fungi

184
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

A malignant tumor that starts in the muscle; primarily a childhood tumor and occurs most often in children under 5 years of age

185
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue

186
Q

Melanin

A

Brownish black pigment

186
Q

Psychosomatic

A

Pertaining to the mind and body

187
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

187
Q

Anhidrosis

A

an abnormal lack of sweat in response to heat

188
Q

Basophil

A

a wbc that has an irregular shaped nucleus and cytoplasm containing blue cells; they are susceptible to staining by base dyes

188
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

Treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs

Health Science (10 decks)

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