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KNES 191A > Midterm 1 Review > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Fibrous Joints

A

Sutures, Syndesmosis, Gomphoses (Teeth)

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2
Q

Example and Function of Suture

A

Synarthrodial, skull

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3
Q

Examples and Function of Syndesmosis

A

Distal Ends of Tibia/Fibula, Radius/Ulna (Amphiarthrodial)

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4
Q

Examples of Cartilaginous Joints

A

Symphysis

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5
Q

Examples of symphysis, function

A

Pubic Symphysis, Between Vertebrae, Amphiarthrodial

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6
Q

Synarthrodial Cartilaginous Joint

A

Connection between first rib and sternum

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7
Q

Examples of Ball and Socket

A

Shoulder and Hip

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8
Q

Ellipsoid or Condyloid Joint

A

Between metacarpals and phalanges, between radius and carpals

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9
Q

Plane or Gliding Joint

A

Carpals, Tarsals, Vertebral Facets, Sacrum/Iliac, Ribs 2-7 and sternum, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular

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10
Q

Hinge Joint

A

Elbow, ankle, phalanges

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11
Q

Pivot Joint

A

Atlas rotates around dens of axis, proximal ends of radius and ulna

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12
Q

Saddle Joint

A

Thumb, sternocalvicular

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13
Q

Nucleus Pulpous

A

Gelatinous interior of disc

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14
Q

Anulus Fibrosis

A

Fibrous exterior of disc

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15
Q

Three types of risk factors for osteoporosis

A

Genetic, Lifestyle, Nutritional

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16
Q

What does estrogen affect

A

Promote calcium retention, inhibit PTH

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17
Q

What does calcitonin affect

A

Inhibit osteoclasts, facilitate osteoblasts

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18
Q

Function of growth hormone

A

Facilitate osteoblasts, close growth plate

19
Q

Aspects of Training to Improve Bone Health

A

Specificity, Overload, Individualization, Reversibility

20
Q

Medications that cause osteoporosis

A

Corticosteroids, Anticonvulsants, Thyroid Hormone Replacement, Immunosuppressant Drugs, Warfarin

21
Q

Proportions of Matrix

A

25% water, 25% collagen fiber, 50% mineral salts (hydroxyapetite)

22
Q

Functions of calcium

A

Clotting, nerve impulse, muscle contractjon

23
Q

Frequency of gas in red blood cells

A

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen

24
Q

Makeup of Hydroxyapetite

A

Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Hydroxide

25
Q

Endochondral Ossification

A

Growth plate ossification

26
Q

Intermembranous Ossification

A

Ossification in flat bones

27
Q

Catabolism

A

Break down complex molecules

28
Q

Anabolism

A

Build complex molecules

29
Q

Marrow In Adults

A

Primarily yellow, red found in epiphyses and short bones

30
Q

Marrow in Children

A

Mostly red marrow stored everywhere

31
Q

Age of Peak Bone Mass

A

Around 30

32
Q

Who is most affected by stress reactions/fractures

A

Young people, athletes

33
Q

What type of joint is most affected by osteoarthritis

A

Larger joints, synovial

34
Q

Three types of medication for osteoporosis

A

Biphosphonates, Fake Estrogen (Receptor), Estrogen Implant

35
Q

Osteolysis

A

Resorption

36
Q

Osteogenesis

A

Deposition

37
Q

Most prevalent osteoporosis age

A

Elderly above 60

38
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Articular cartilage, cartilaginous joint

39
Q

Dense Connective Tissue

A

Tendons, ligaments, Fibrous Membrane, Fibrous Joints

40
Q

Loose Connective Tissue

A

Synovial Membrane

41
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Absorbs shock, menisci, labrum, intervertebral discs, cartilaginous joint

42
Q

Characteristics

A

Metabolism, Responsiveness, Movement, Growth, Reproduction, Differentiation, Respiration, Digestion, Absorption, Circulation, Assimilation, Excretion

43
Q

Functions of Skeletal System

A

Support and Protection, Movement, Hematopoiesis, Mineral and Lipid Storage

KNES 191A (8 decks)

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