Joint Movement Flashcards
Flexion
Bending parts at a joint so that the angle between them decreases and the parts come closer together; bending elbow, bending knee, raising knee
Extension
Straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them increases and the parts move farther apart; straighten elbow, straighten knee
Hyperextension
Extension of the parts of a joint beyond the anatomical position; bending head or trunk backward
Dorsiflexion
Bending the foot at the ankle toward the shin
Plantar Flexion
Bending the foot at the ankle toward the sole
Abduction
Moving a part away from the midline; raising arm or leg sideways
Adduction
Moving a part toward the midline; lowing arm from sideways raise
Rotation
Moving a part around an axis; trunk twisting, neck twisting
Medial (Internal) Rotation
Movement around an axis toward the midline; twisting thigh inward, hand to stomach
Lateral (External) Rotation
Movement around an axis away from the midline; turning thigh outward, hand from stomach to outwards
Circumduction
Moving a part so that its end follows a circular path; arm circles, hip circles
Supination
Turning the hand so the palm is upward or turning the sole of the foot inward
Pronation
Turning the hand so the palm is downward or turning the foot so that the weight is on the inner edge
Eversion
Turning the foot so the sole faces outward
Inversion
Turning the foot so the sole faces inward
Protraction
Moving a part forward; chin, shoulders
Retraction
Moving a part backward; neck, shoulder blades
Elevation
Raising a part (shrugging the shoulders)
Depression
Lowering a part; lowering shoulders after shrugging them
Lateral Flexion
Sidebending at the neck or trunk
Opposition
Movement of the thumb towards the palm of the hand or the other fingers
