Midterm #1 Chapter 1-7 Flashcards
why os sport industry powerful; different from other indurstries
it is not affected by general flows of economies
why is sport not affected by economical flows
serves basic psychological needs (eustress, relaxation, competition, comradery)
strengthning of sport industry through inproving tech.
another differentiator of the sport industry
different sport value chain
normal product value chain
customer has role of buying endproduct
product increases in value with every step
sport product value chain
co-created by everyone involved
consumption, production, distribution and feedback occur at the same time
core sport product within the sport value chain
core product is the start for all other chains within the industry
professional preparation for the sport industry
general education major courses in sport management specialized training field experience ...
what is a professional attitude reflected in?
personal appearance
adjustment to workplace
professional image
posture
social media
attire and accessories
business etiquette
telephone
voicemail
email
when and where was the first sport management program established
1966 Ohio University
sport management
regulation management of recources marketing finance operations ...
what do professionals need to understand in terms of different types of sports
good understanding of traditional and new sports
settings for sporting activities
singe, multi-, and college sports media sports sponsors professional services facilities manufactures and retailers
sport industry segments
product type model
economic impact model
sport activity model
contemporary sport management (CSM) sport industry sectors model
3 sectors of contemporary sport management model (CSM)
public sector (fed./ state/ local govern. nonprofit sector (national/state sports organizations) commercial sector (pro org. media, sporting goods) - NCAA, NFL, ESPN)
what is a stakeholder
sb. who has interest in a sport product
not all stakeholders are stockholders
examples for stakeholders
fans, cities, media, owners, sponsors…
what is a stockholder
sb. who has money invested, owns stocks
all stockholders are stakeholders
unique aspects of sport management
sport marketing
sport enterprise financial structure
sport industry career paths
sport as a social institution
sport marketing
is different because the product is gone after a game is over; more complimentary than core product
how is the sport industry a social institution
industry reaches higher diversity and social expectations
critical thinking
awareness of a set of interrelated critical questions
ability to ask and answe critical questions at appropriate timedesire to use those questions and accept result as guide to behave
future challenges and opportunities in the sport industry
tech
ethics and social responsibility
globilazation of sport
guidlines for maing ethical decisions
recognize ethical issue
evaluate alternative actions
make decision and test it
act and reflect on outcome
what can organizations achieve when they work in a collective
economies of scale
economies of scope
process by which sport organizations achieve goal
input -> transformation -> outputs
types of sport organizations
public
nonprofit
commercial
organizational environment
everything outside of the organization
devising strategies, tech., used power
role of stakeholdera
two organizational environment categories
general and specific
general environment elements
economy tech politics social and cultural forces demography PESTEL
elements of the specific environment
directly related to the company
internal and external stakeholders, buyers, consumers, competition, supplier
effectiveness
accomplishment of goal
effeciency
accomplish goal with least possible recources
evaluating organizational effectiveness
traditional and contemporary approaches
competing value model
where is a company located in terms of externally/internally focussed, flexibility or being sable
strategy
plans to accomplish goals
plans to cope with environment
steps in development of plans
organizational steps to gain competetive advantage
examples for strategies
development and motives of partnerships and alliances
best way to develop a good strtegy
combine different recources
organizational culture
pattern of basic assumptions (stories and myths, symbols, language, cermonies and rites, physical setting
organizational structure
formal organization
organizational chart
formal and informal groups within a sport organization
structure of an organization
specialization (high or low)
formalization (high or low)
centralization (high or low)
specialization of an organization
the division of labor within in organization
if low: a few people do the entire job
complexity of specialization within an organization´s structure
vertical - hierarcy
horizontal
spacial (physical space)
formation of an organization
how much knowledged is written down - formaliazed
centralization of an organization
how decisions are made
high centralization: just a few people make decisions
organizational design
structural configurations used by sport org. leaders to reach goals
what is mintzberg´s design configuration based on
interplay of top management middle management technical core administrative support staff technical support stuff
mintzberg´s proposed design
simple structure machine bureaucrcy professional bureaucracy tntrpreneurial innovative missionary political
two frameworks to study organizational change
organizational life cycle
contextualist approach
organizational life cycle of an organization
stages of growth (Entrepreneurial-, collectivity-, formalization-, elaboration stage)
innovation
product innovation
process innovation
radical or incremental innovation
sources of innovation
product innovation
creation of new produt designs
process innovation
improve efficiency or effectiveness of org. process
defintion of interscholastic athletics
sport connected to school - especially high school
a key segment of sport industry
major economic impact
first interscholastic athletics competition
interscholastic football association (1888)
governance of interscholastic athletics
individual state associations
examples for interscholastic state associations
midwest federation of state high school athletics association (1921)
values of interscholastic athletic programs
support academic mission of school
educational
success in later life
what are negative views for interscholastic sport programs based on
injuries
money could go in other areas
to early sport specialization
state with highest interscholastic sport participation
texas and california
impact of title IX in interscholastic athletics
1972
increase in female participation
operating models
structures to fit stakeholders´ needs
what need to be considered to structure athletic departments
size of school district
centralized vs. decentralized organizational structure
public vs. private school
athletic budget
careers in interscholastic athletics
executive director
chief financial officer
director of media relations and marketing
director of memebership services
job positions at local school level
athletics director (AD) assistant AD athletic business director coaches athletic trainers
issues facing interscholastic athletics
budgetary injuries experienced and certifies ADs experienced and certifies coaches too many participation option fair play parents
media relations of interscholastic athletics
live content
NCAA won´t allow HS sports onschools and conf-owned networks
what is organized physical activity based in
communities
schools
local sport organ.
what includes community sport
recreational- and competetive sport
on who does community sport emphasize
more on participant than on spectator
benefits of community sport participation
physical benefits
quality of life
family life
sense of community and social capital
size and scope of community sport
millions participate in U.S. and Canada
trends depend on sport
canadian community sport organizations
almost exclusively sport clubs
U.S. community sport organizations
public
commercial
not-for-profit
challenges of community sport management
structure and delivery system
governance
human recources
human recources of managing community sport
planning
recruiting and selecting volunteers and paid personel
training and development
what are organized youth sport activities usually structured as
classes
instructional leagues
competetive leagues
after-school programs
