Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mass Media > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cultural materialism

A

What societies do to make a culture is to make adaptations to their environment (climate, geography). That is what makes societies have unique cultures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most canadians live within how many km of the border?

A

100km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why does Canada face broadcasting challenges?

A

It’s a big country with physical obstacles like mountains that separate us.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is there one Canada?

A

No, Canada has many different cultural regions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Multiculturalism

A

People don’t have to give up their past identities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

6 Relevant features of Canadian Society:

A

Vast territory and varied geography, population (size and location), regionalism, two official languages, multiculturalism, proximity to the United states and lack of other neighbors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

6 key features of Canadian Broadcasting system

A
  1. Technological Innovation, 2. Unique public private mix 3. parallel dual language programming 4. Multicultural programming 5. High level of foreign content 6. Heavy regulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Private media

A

Media for profit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is our media partly composed of government funded media and private media?

A

In the beginning, we could not rely on private companies to connect all canadians by building infrastructure and creating technologies - not cost effective. Gov also stepped in later to prevent Americans from dominating our media.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the early broadcasting discussions, some people wanted the CBC to do what?

A

Broadcast in English and French on one channel, instead of two separate channels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Commission set up in 1929

A

Aird Commission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Aird Commission named after

A

Sir John Aird

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why was the Aird commission set up?

A

Radio was just being established, and it wasn’t regulated. Gov concerned about American dominance of radio, and were interested in creating a system to counter this threat and to get radio everywhere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Recommendations of Aird Commission

A

nationalize radio system and build infrastructure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

After Aird Commission, broadcasting centered around three issues:

A
  1. Preservation of national sovereignty
  2. Universal access to broadcasting services
  3. Protecting broadcasting from being exploited by private interests.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aird commision led to what?

A

An official act of parliament - creation of the Canadian Radio-Broadcasting Act (1932)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Canadian Radio-Broadcasting Act (1932)

A

Created the CRBC and banned national radio networks. Individual private radio channels still allowed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CRBC

A

Canadian radio-broadcasting corporation. Later became the CBC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Canadian Broadcasting Act

A

1936 - CRBC becomes the CBC and it obtains a dual role - national broadcaster and regulator (gives out licenses to private networks). Previously there was no official regulator.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who headed the Fowler Commission?

A

Robert Fowler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fowler Commission Recommendation

A

1957 - stresses need for stronger Canadian broadcasting system (TV & radio) - fear of Americanization.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why was Fowler Commission (1957) created?

A

Television was just released. More powerful tool for Americanization.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Fowler Commission (1957) leads to what?

A

Broadcasting Act (1958)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Broadcasting Act (1958)

A

Confirms CBC’s role as Canada’s Broadcaster
Allows private network establishment
Creates BBG as official regulator
Sets for the first time a Canadian content quota of 45% for TV (eventually removed). - Broadcasting as Canadian in “content and character” as possible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

BBG

A

Bureau of Broadcast Governors (can give licenses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why did the Broadcasting Act (1958) allow the establishment of private networks?

A

Private companies lobbied the government, saying that private networks could be very profitable for the Canadian economy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What happened in 1967?

A

100th anniversary of the confederation. Expo 67 in Montreal - point of immense pride for Canadians. For the first time, people were more proud of Canada than the commonwealth. Increased investment in cultural organizations and renaming of government organizations to stress that they were Canadian.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

First Private TV network

A

CTV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Broadcasting Act (1968)

A

Canadian TV content quotas increased from 45% to 60% (minimum - CBC required to show as much canadian content as possible). CBC given mandate to broadcast in both official languages and promote cultural expression and national unity. Mandated Canadian ownership of Broadcast media to counter American Influence. BBG becomes CRTC (Canadian Radio-Television commission - precursor to today’s Canadian Radio-Television and telecommunications Commission).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What occurred in 1971?

A

CRTC CanCon Regulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

CanCon

A

Canadian Content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

CRTC CanCon Regulations (1971)

A

CRTC created a system of rules for CanCon, including radio. For the first time, it mandated that a certain proportion of radio songs must be Canadian - considered the savior or developer of the Canadian music industry.
These regulations are included in terms & conditions of licenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What can the CRTC do if its CanCon regulations are being violated?

A

Take away the license from stations who are violating these regulations - not just a fine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What happened in 1975?

A

Canadian radio-television commission becomes Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications commission - regulate the telephone industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Broadcast Act (1991)

A

Specific inclusion of bilingual, multicultural, aboriginal programming - reflected federal government’s insistence on multiculturalism. Programming to be Canadian in content & character. CBC key to “Canadian Consciousness” (not defined)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

CRTC Report on New Media (1999)

A

CRTC decides not to attempt to regulate new media. Internet too difficult to regulate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Problem with Canadian TV content quotas

A

Broadcasters were cheating by using news and Canadian sports to fulfill their quotas. Not creating enough dramas or comedies for primetime. Led to Canadian Media Policy framework for Canadian Television

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Canadian Media Policy Framework for Canadian television

A

1999 - Created incentives to help broadcasters produce more dramas - Creating one hour of Canadian drama fulfills 1.5 hours on their quotas. Had mixed amount of success.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

CRTC Let’s Talk TV

A 
Last Fall (2014) - Public Consultation and hearings
Discussion on giving consumer more freedom to pick what is inside his/her cable package. Before, they had to receive a lot of predetermined Cable channels (enforced by CRTC). Had to have one Canadian Channel to have an American channel. Report was due December 2014.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Broadcasting Act

A

Governs the CRTC and all broadcasters in Canada.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Main objective of broadcasting act according to CRTC

A

Ensure that Canadians have access to a wide variety of high-quality Canadian Programming.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

5 pillars of today’s Broadcasting Act

A
  1. Canadian radio and tv stations should be effectively owned and operated by Canadians.
  2. Canadian system is composed of two parts: public and private
  3. Canadian broadcasters should safeguard, enrich, and strengthen life in Canada. (reason for regulation)
  4. Canadian broadcasters are responsible for what he/she broadcasts.
  5. Broadcasts should not include anything in contravention to the law - obscenities, profanities, false news.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What kind of medium is a magazine? Why?

A

National advertising medium. Advertisers used magazines through the 19th century to build national national markets for their products. Few books carried advertisements, and advertisements in newspapers were restricted to a regional level. Contributed to sense of nationhood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The majority of magazine revenue comes from

A

advertising.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What percentage of magazines on our newsstand is homegrown?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Canadians prefer Canadian Magazines or American ones?

A

Canadian ones, because of Canadian content.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

People have what for magazines?

A

They have a tremendous appetite for magazines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Canadian government feels that magazines do what?

A

Magazines play an important role in the cultural life of Canadians.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

For more than a hundred years, the government has done what with magazines?

A

Helped to foster the growth and development of Canadian magazines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What does the Canada Periodical Fund do?

A

2010 - Supports Canadian magazines through the Department of Canadian Heritage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Napster

A

First online file-sharing software

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Inventor of Napster

A

Shawn Fanning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What did Napster do to the record industry?

A

For the first time, record industry no longer in control of new technology. Saw a fall in sales.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Who sued Napster? For what? What happened?

A

RIAA sued for copyright infringement. Napster lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

RIAA

A

Recording Industry Association of America - Trade association for recording companies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What did the RIAA do that was so controversial? What happened?

A

Sued pirating individuals. Backfired, engendered hard feelings amongst industry’s greatest consumers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

RIAA sued Grokster for what after Napster?

A

Sued Grokster for encouraging copyright infringement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Peer to Peer (P2P) file sharing

A

File sharing software without a central server.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Canadian equivalent of RIAA

A

CRIA - Canadian Recording Industry Association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Worst offenders of music piracy

A

Teenagers (68%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Supreme Court Ruled what against CRIA?

A

Simply placing files in a shared P2P folder does not constitute copyright infringement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Alternative reason for decline of music sales

A

Little to do with p2p file sharing. has to do with decline in quality of music. Hyped up music sales down, good music sales up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Before downloading crisis, biggest drain on sales for the music industry was

A

Criminal music dubbing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Dubbed CDs mainly from…

A

Asia and Saudi Arabia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Canada is a world hub in what? Why?

A

Internet Piracy - lack of copyright legislation with teeth compared to other countries like UK, France.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Recording industry’s counter to online digital piracy:

A

iTunes online music store.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Advantages of iTunes

A

Invention of format that made music have a high sound quality, small file size, and quick downloads. No viruses also.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

iTunes drastically changed what?

A

The retailing of recorded music.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Canadian music retail chain that closed due to iTunes

A

Sam the record man

70
Q

iTunes threatened what?

A

Music retailing chains and small record stores.

71
Q

What happened to music after the CRTC’s CanCon regulations went into effect?

A

Number of number one Canadian songs in the CHUM top 40 increased, but many Canadian songs were written by Canadians but recorded by Americans - little about Canadian culture - written for Americans.

72
Q

Which type of Canadian written songs that were nationalistic reached the top of CHUM top 40?

A

Novel ones that were humorous.

73
Q

Andrew Crisell

A

Cultural theorist, refers to radio as a blind medium (you can’t see it, can only see with mind)

74
Q

Radio broadcasters use what as a canvas to communicate their messages?

A

They use time, not space.

75
Q

Marshall McLuhan referred to radio as what?

A

A visual medium.

76
Q

Radio uses four signs to create its imagery

A

Words, sounds, music, and silence.

77
Q

Words

A

how you say something communicates a message.

78
Q

Sounds

A

They are indexical signs. They let us know where we are and what’s going on. important due to the invisible nature of radio.

79
Q

Music

A

Music helps identify a radio station. Music can act as a bridge between programs/segments. Music can create a mood.

80
Q

Accidental silence on radio

A

Dead air.

81
Q

Silence

A

Silence can be symbolic (remembrance day)

Can be an index of a technical problem with broadcast.

82
Q

Radio Ubiquity

A

Hardly a place in the world is beyond the reach of radio.

83
Q

Radio signals are carried on what?

A

The electromagnetic spectrum.

84
Q

East Coast blackout 2003 - what was important?

A

Radio

85
Q

Demographic future of radio

A

Younger people are listening to less radio. Future uncertain and bleak.

86
Q

What organization said that radio is a perfect fit for modern life, and that instead of competing with the internet, it complements it? ie future is bright for radio

A

Radio Marketing Bureau (RMB)

87
Q

Largest Canadian Radio companies

A

Corus, Astral, Rogers.

88
Q

How many radio stations in Canada?

A

1213

89
Q

Most radio stations are owned by who?

A

Large corporations

90
Q

XWA

A

Montreal based radio station. First radio station to obtain a license. First radio station to have regularly scheduled programming. First program was musical - radio as entertainment beginning.

91
Q

Early radios were

A

Very big, and a status symbol. Early broadcasts reflected this.

92
Q

Early broadcasts included:

A

concerts, political commentary, dramas, comedies.

93
Q

First hockey radio broadcast

A

1920s

94
Q

When radio lost its audience to tv in the 1950s, what did it do?

A

It reinvented itself, switching more to recorded music which was far cheaper to produce than political shows or dramas.

95
Q

FM radio

A

1970s - offered better sound quality - listeners preferred to listen to music on it. AM radio switched away from music.

96
Q

Satellite radio

A

Delivery of programming from a single source beamed to a satellite for transmission to individual end users.

97
Q

Advantages of Satellite Radio

A

Provides digital quality sound, most of it commercial free.

98
Q

Satellite radio operations in Canada

A

Sirius and XM

99
Q

Terrestrial Radio

A

Transmission from land towers

100
Q

Digital Radio - missed opportunity

A

Missed opportunity to upgrade to digital transmission technology. Would have improved quality, but was too costly.

101
Q

IBOC

A

Radio industry standard for digital transmission.

102
Q

Threats to Digital Radio

A

iPod, podcasting, digital radio

103
Q

Michael Novak’s commentary on television

A

Tutors our minds and slowly teaches us how to think.

104
Q

Lichters and Rothman

A

Scholars who say television is reformist. Creators are socially and politically liberal.

105
Q

George Comstock

A

Scholar who believes that television helps us to become who we are.

106
Q

Moses Znaimer

A

Canadian broadcaster - television is king, reflects values and ideals.

107
Q

Dominant mass medium today for news and entertainment

A

Television

108
Q

Television introduced when?

A

In the early 1950s.

109
Q

TV effect on Books

A

Today, a major consideration for publishing houses is whether a fiction manuscript has potential as a screenplay. Some publishers even consider how well an author performs during tv interviews.

110
Q

Effect of TV on newspapers

A

24-hour news channels caused the disappearance of afternoon editions of newspapers. Newspapers lost a lot of advertising to TV. Newspaper redesigns today attempt to be visually stimulating.

111
Q

TV impact on magazines

A

TV took away advertisers from mass circulation magazines like Life, so they were forced to cater to niche audiences that TV could not serve.

112
Q

TV impact on recordings

A

The success of recorded music today hinges on, in many cases, the airplay of music videos.

113
Q

TV impact on Movies

A

Hollywood demassified after TV (it took away some of its audience). Savvy moviemakers today plan their projects for the big screen and TV.

114
Q

TV impact on Radio

A

Radio demassified after TV’s arrival. Radio stations shifted almost entirely to recorded music geared towards narrower and narrower audiences.

115
Q

The original TV industry was composed of

A

Local stations

116
Q

First TVs in Canada

A

Received signals from the US (near Canadian border)

117
Q

First TV channel in Canada

A

CBFT - Montreal

118
Q

1961

A

Canada’s first broadcaster, CTV begins

119
Q

John Bassett

A

Founder of CFTO Toronto, CTV’s flagship station

120
Q

1960

A

BBG holds hearing for privately owned television stations, including John Bassett’s CFTO (successful application).

121
Q

Spence Caldwell

A

his application for a tv channel to BBG was rejected. He convinced 8 tv channels including CFTN (flagship) to form CTN. CTN becomes CTV in 1962.

122
Q

What happened in 2010 to CTV?

A

CTV was purchased by Bell Canada Enterprises (BCE) in 2010.

123
Q

Ken Soble and Al Bruner

A

Dreamt about creating a Canadian superstation

124
Q

Al Bruner

A

When Soble passed, created Global Communications limited, which was not profitable.

125
Q

Izzy Asper

A

Lawyer, Developed Global into a national Canadian TV network

126
Q

3 Canadian TV networks

A

2 private: CTV and Global

1 public: CBC

127
Q

In Quebec, most of TV viewing is?

A

Canadian

128
Q

In English Canada, most of TV viewing is?

A

American

129
Q

The question for the TV industry and academics is…

A

How to get more English Canadians to watch more Canadian Programming.

130
Q

If we watch too much American content,

A

we will gradually become assimilated to become Americans.

131
Q

The problem with English-Canadian television

A

Broadcasters are not in the business of making Canadian TV good or popular, they are in the business of importing American shows.

132
Q

Why may the Cancon quota actually be harming Canadian television?

A

Since it sets specific times where content must be shown, it hardly matters if it is good or bad. In fact, it might be rational to show cheap programming (less cost)

133
Q

CRTC took steps to help Canadian TV with aforementioned problem. What were they (2)?

A

Canadian tv stations required to broadcast 55% Canadian content overall per week. 50% during prime time.
CRTC also offers 150% drama credit to new Canadian dramas.

134
Q

Michael McCabe

A

Former head of CAB. Said main goal of Canadian networks is viewing. Canadians enjoying, being informed by, and watching Canadian Television.

135
Q

NBC

A

National Broadcast Company

136
Q

CBS

A

Columbia Broadcasting System

137
Q

ABC

A

American Broadcasting Company

138
Q

highest rated Canadian television

A

Canadian sports

139
Q

5 American networks

A

NBC, CBS, ABC, FOX, CW

140
Q

PBS, SCN, TVO

A

Educational TV

141
Q

PBS

A

public broadcasting service

142
Q

Funding sources for educational TV

A

Government and viewer funding.

143
Q

Educational TV benefit for commercial stations

A

not competing with one another. Educational TV relieved public pressure on commercial stations for educational programming.

144
Q

Time Shifts

A

TiVo-like devices - end of prime time. People choose when they want to watch programs. They no longer have to modify their schedules. Form of audience empowerment.

145
Q

Space shifts

A

Portability of new television = shorter episodes for mobile users - no more couch potato.

146
Q

CRTC opinions on product placement

A

No plans to regulate product placement

147
Q

Webisodes

A

4 minute mini movies, on the web, usually sponsored and sometimes featuring the advertiser as part of the storyline.

148
Q

Why is traditional TV advertising in trouble?

A

Declining audience, push for higher rates, using TiVo to skip ads.

149
Q

How are companies combatting traditional advertising decline?

A

Webisodes, Product placement

150
Q

Technological Convergence

A

Melding of print, electronic, and photographic media into digitized form.

151
Q

Search Inside

A

Amazon’s search engine that can find a term or phrase in any book whose copyright owners have allowed to be scanned into a database.

152
Q

Dark side of convergence

A

Few companies coming to dominate the internet and work against democratization - all for profit

153
Q

CRTC was the First broadcaster in the world to

A

Address regulating the internet.

154
Q

CRTC decided not to regulate the internet (1999) because?

A

it decided that the internet did not fall under the broadcasting act.

155
Q

The web is this kind of medium

A

The web is a “push” medium.

156
Q

5 reasons why CRTC believes that internet does not fall under Broadcasting Act

A
  1. Internet by definition is not broadcasting. Its messages are communicated largely through alphanumeric text.
  2. Internet will not replace broadcasting - complement it.
  3. Internet is a “push” medium, meaning that its users can customize a message a broadcast it to a large audience, like mass media.
  4. Canada already has a large presence on the internet.
  5. CRTC feels that there are other ways, like the Criminal Code of Canada, to restrict offensive content.
157
Q

Marshall McLuhan

A

Entered global village into public discourse. Didn’t invent term.

158
Q

McLuhan says that in the pre-mass media world…

A

Human beings acquired an awareness of their world through their own observation and experience, and through their fellow human beings, whom they communicated face to face and orally.

159
Q

According to McLuhan, what alienated people from their natural state? Why?

A

Print media - engaged the mind.

160
Q

Retribalization

A

Restoring humankind back to a natural, tribal state.

161
Q

According to McLuhan, what was causing retribalization? Why?

A

Television - because it communicated very sensually with images and sound. Creation of global village

162
Q

Global village

A

Instantaneous connection of every human being.

163
Q

Has the internet created a global village? Why?

A

No, not everyone is connected to the internet. Massive inequality.

164
Q

CRTC responsible for

A

Maintaining the Broadcasting Act

165
Q

CRTC creates

A

general guidelines and specific policies (e.g. CanCon)

166
Q

CRTC does what for broadcasters?

A

Controls licenses: Approves ownership, grants licenses, sets terms and conditions, reviews/renews/cancels licenses.

167
Q

What’s one of the conditions for a CRTC license for a broadcaster?

A

It has to be a member of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters.

168
Q

How frequently must licenses be renewed? What does a broadcaster have to do?

A

Licenses have to renewed every two years, have a hearing with CRTC.

169
Q

A radio station that receives a license for news can’t…

A

Play too much music.

170
Q

How does the CRTC control broadcasters?

A

Through control of licensing.

171
Q

CRTC also controls

A

Controls ownership, conditions, and rates of satellite/cable providers and telecommunications (cellphone/internet) providers.

Mass Media (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions