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KIN 121 > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are fibrous joints

A

Joints that allow for no movement

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2
Q

What are Synovial Joints

A

Joints that allow for large range of movement

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3
Q

Example of a synovial joint

A

The knee joint

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4
Q

Example of cartilaginous joint

A

Vertebral Discs

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5
Q

What are cartilaginous joints

A

Slightly movable joints that are good shock absorbers

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6
Q

What joins the ilium and the sacrum

A

Sacroiliac

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7
Q

What joint is both fibrous and synovial?

A

Sacroiliac

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8
Q

Parts of a synovial joint

A
  • Joint Capsule (ligament)
  • Synovial membrane
  • Synovial fluid
  • Hyaline cartilage
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9
Q

Function of synovial membrane

A

Secrete synovial fluid (lubricant)

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10
Q

Whats the function of the hyaline (articular cartilage)

A

Layer of dense white connective tissue; facilitates articulation

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11
Q

What joins the pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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12
Q

What joint attaches the scapula to the clavicle?

A

Acromioclavicular joint

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13
Q

Shoulder separations often occur in sports, what joint would be separated?

A

Acromioclavicular joint

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14
Q

Movements of the AC Joint

A

Protraction/Retraction
Elevation/Depression

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15
Q

What joint connects the scapula to the humerus?

A

Glenohumeral joint

  • wide range of motion
  • injury = relative lack of stability
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16
Q

Joints of the elbow?

A

Humeroradial and humeroulnar

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17
Q

Which forearm joint is closest to the elbow

A

proximal radioulnar

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18
Q

What does the radioulnar joint do during pronation?

A

The radius flips over the ulna

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19
Q

What is the lateral wrist joint

A

Radiocarpal joint

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20
Q

Joint between metacarpals and phalanges

A

Metacarpophalangeal

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21
Q

Movements of Intervertebral Joints

A

Flex/ext
Lateral flex/ext
Rotation

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22
Q

Joint between sacrum and lumbar vertebrae

A

Lumbrosacral

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23
Q

Socket in pelvis

A

Acetabulum

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24
Q

Movements of hip joint

A

Flex/ext
add/abd

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25
Q

Knee joint

A

Tibiofemoral joint
- flex/ext

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26
Q

What makes up the knee joint

A

Meniscus Cartilages
Cruciate Ligaments
Collateral Ligaments

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27
Q

How to distinguish lateral and medial meniscus

A

Lateral connects to tibia and is on the same side as the fibula, medial connects to MCL

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28
Q

Feet joints

A

Intertarsal joints - between tarsal

transverse (mid) tarsal joint - between proximal &distal row of tarsal bones

Movement: inversion/eversion

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29
Q

Ankle joint

A

Distal fibula & tibia articulate w/ superior talus

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30
Q

to cause movement

A

both ends of each muscle must be attached to the bone

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31
Q

proximal attachment

A

origin

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32
Q

distal attachment

A

insertion

33
Q

prime movers

A

agonists

34
Q

opposing muscles

A

antagonists

35
Q

muscle function & mobility influenced by

A

muscular strength
muscular flexibility
tendons
coordination (motor)

36
Q

what do the muscles in the cervical vertebrae region do

A

maintain neutral head position + permit wide rom

37
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin - sternum and clavicle
Insertion - mastoid process

function - flexes neck to chest

38
Q

Upper Erector Spinae

A

Origin - back of skull
Insertion - sacrum and ilium

function - extends the neck, maintain erect position

39
Q

Lower Erector Spinae

A

function - extends back and trunk, prevents back injury

40
Q

Trunk muscles

A

Rectus abdominus, internal and external obliques, transversus abdominus

41
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

Originates from the crest of the pubis bone. It inserts onto the xiphoid process of the sternum and the costal cartilage of ribs

Function - trunk flexion

42
Q

External Obliques

A

Origin - lateral ribs 5-12
insertion- anterior iliac crest & pubis & linea alba

function - trunk flexion and opposite side rotation

43
Q

Internal Obliques

A

Originates from linea alba and inserts at the lateral iliac crest & pubis

function - trunk flexion and same side rotation

44
Q

Transversus Abdominus

A

wraps around abdomen

function - compresses abdomen, spine and trunk stabilization

45
Q

anterior deltoid

A

origin - lateral clavicle
insertion - deltoid tubercle

function - shoulder flexion + medial rotation

46
Q

middle deltoid

A

origin - acromion process (lateral clavicle)
insertion - deltoid tubercle

function - shoulder ABduction

47
Q

posterior deltoid

A

origin - lateral spine of scapula
insertion - deltoid tubercle

function - shoulder extension + lateral rotation

48
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

origin - sternum and clavicle
insertion - lip of bicipital groove

function - horizontal adduction + medial rotation of humerus + bringing arm down from overhead

49
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

origin - Bottom 6 thoracic vertebrae and sacrum
insertion - pass under arm to lip of bicipital groove

function - horizontal abduction + medial rotation of humerus + bringing arm down from overhead

50
Q

Muscles in rotator cuff

A

SIS - supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis

51
Q

Supraspinatus

A

origin - supraspinous fossa
insertion - superior humerus

function - abducts humerus

52
Q

Infraspinatus

A

origin - infraspinous fossa
insertion - posterior humerus

function - lateral rotation + adducts humerus

53
Q

Subscapularis

A

origin - subscapular fossa
insertion - anterior humerus

function - medial rotation + adducts humerus

54
Q

Trapezius

A

origin - base of skull to T12 vertebrae
insertion - spine of scapula

function - stabilizes scapula

55
Q

Function of different trapezius areas

A

Upper - Shoulder elevation (neck ext.)
Middle - Shoulder retraction (scapular adduction)
Lower - shoulder depression

56
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Origin - anterior medial border of scapula
Insertion - anterior ribs 1-8

Function - shoulder protraction and stabilizes scapula

57
Q

Stabilizers of the scapula (2)

A

Trapezius and Serratus Anterior

58
Q

Brachialis

A

origin - front of distal humerus
insertion - anterior proximal ulna

function - elbow flexion

59
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

origin - scapula
The short head originates from the coracoid process.
The long head originates from the supraglenoid tubercle
insertion - radial tubercle

function - elbow flexion and shoulder flexion, supination

60
Q

Brachioradialis

A

origin - anterior distal SHAFT of humerus
insertion - lateral distal radius

function - elbow flexion

61
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

origin:
Long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head - posterior SHAFT of humerus
insertion - posterior proximal ulna

function - elbow extension and shoulder extension

62
Q

Hand and wrist Flexors

A

origin - medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion - carpals, metacarpals

function - flexion

63
Q

Forearm pronator

A

origin - medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion - lateral proximal radius

function - pronation

64
Q

Hand and wrist Extensors

A

origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion - carpals, metacarpals

function - extension

65
Q

Forearm supinator

A

origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion - medial proximal radius

function - supination

66
Q

hip flexor muscle name

A

iliopsoas

67
Q

iliopsoas

A

origin - anterior lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa
insertion - medial proximal femur

function - hip flexion and forward pelvic tilt

68
Q

how many gluteal muscles

A

Three (maximus, medius, minimus)

69
Q

Gluteals

A

Origin- outer surface of ilium and sacrum
Insertion - lateral and posterior proximal femur

function - hip extension (maximus) & backwards pelvic tilt, hip abduction (medius and minimus)

70
Q

Adductors (5)

A

Origin - pubis
Insertion - medial femur

function - hip adduction

71
Q

How many quad muscles

A

FOUR, the rectus femoris and three vastus muscles (medialis, lateralis, intermedius)

72
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Origin:
proximal femur (vastus muscles)
Anterior ilium (rectus femoris)
Insertion - tibial tuberosity

function - knee extension and hip flexion (rectus femoris only)

73
Q

Hamstrings

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity
insertion - posterior medial and proximal tibia

function - hip extension and knee flexion

74
Q

what muscles work in plantar flexion

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus

75
Q

What muscles work in dorsiflexion

A

Tibialis Anterior

76
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

origin - proximal anterior 2/3 of tibia
insertion - top of 1st metatarsal

function - dorsiflexion

77
Q

Soleus

A

origin - posterior proximal tibia
insertion - calcaneus

function - plantar flexion

78
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

origin - posterior (medial AND lateral) distal femur
insertion - calcaneus

Function - plantar flexion and knee flexion

KIN 121 (2 decks)

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