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Archeology > midterm 1 > Flashcards

midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Who was Olof Ohman

A

Founded Kensington runestone near kensignton minnesota that had viking writing. if legit would be proof that the western world was explored by the Scandinavian explorers in the New World in the 14th century.

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2
Q

who was Ignaz Semmelweis?

A

Used the scientifc method to attempt to solve why there were so many maternal deaths in Vienna General hospital

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3
Q

Ignatius Donnelly

A

wants to prove that Platos atlantis story is true and that Atlantis was where people changed from barbarians to civilization.

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4
Q

James Churchward

A

popularized “Mu” as “mother continent” and and put it with another lost continent Lemuria. Lemuria was a continent land bridge that explained the pesence of lemurs and other fossils in Madagascar and India. wrote 3 books with Mu in the title and the Mu had the Naacal civilization the Mu was destroyed the same was as atlantis. Mu was backed by some tablets sthat no longer exist

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5
Q

Jose de Acosta

A

Agued that humans and animals came into the new world using the same route using a route between Eastern Asia and the western region of the new world. this did not contradict with the bible

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6
Q

Charles Darwin

A

believed in evolution from apes

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7
Q

Louis Leakey

A

believed that tools found in South california (calico) were similar to the ones found in East Africa but they were actually formed by nature

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8
Q

Ivan Van Sertima

A

wrote “they came before columbus” his claim of an African presence in the pre-Columbian New World

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9
Q

Eugene Dubois

A

Discovered the Java Man which is combined with a primitive skull and upright stature

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10
Q

Raymond Dart

A

His claim that a creature with an ape-sized brain could have dental and postural characteristics approaching those of humans

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10
Q

Charles Dawson

A

Discovered the first piltdown fossils and was always involved for the finds related to piltdown

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10
Q

Kenneth Oakley

A

Exposed piltdown man as a hoax by fluorine testing

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11
Q

George Hull

A

Behind the Cardiff Giant Hoax

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12
Q

William Stub Newell

A

Farmer that come across the petrified cardiff giant

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13
Q

Graham Hancock

A

He believed archaeologists have ignored advanced ice age civilizations and atlantis

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14
Q

Augustus Le Plongeon

A

Translated a maya Indian book troano codex with a alphabet that conected maya to ancient egyptians

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15
Q

paradigm

A

a way of looking at things and is a standard, perspective and set of ideas

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16
Q

Scientific process

A

observation, induction(specific obeservations argue probable conclusions), deduction (generalities to specifics), Testing

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17
Q

scientific procesesses are

A

testable and falsifiable

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18
Q

Pseudoscience

A

does not follow rules of logic and evidence

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19
Q

epistemology

A

The branch of philosophy concerened with the nature, scope, and limitations of knowledge (awareness of facts)

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20
Q

Uniformitarianism

A

Earth has always changed in uniform ways and that the present is the key to the past.

21
Q

Catastrophism

A

describes earths history as being stable with intermittent short live, cataclysmic events drastically shaping the surface

22
Q

Phylogeny

A

The history of the evolution of a species or group especially in reference to lines of descent and relationships amoung broad groups of organism

23
Q

Antiquarianism

A

the study of old and rare objects in thier history

24
Q

Biblical Literalism

A

that one regards the contents of the bible as literally true

25
Q

Diffusionism

A

cultures are univentive and that new ideas are developed in very few or single places (egypt is the source of all civilization)

26
Q

Pareidolia

A

the tedency to percieve a specific often meaningful image in a random or ambigious visiual pattern)

27
Q

Cardiff Giant

A

petrified giant found by george hull and newell

28
Q

the solid muldoon

A

Another prehistoric “petrified man” was found in 1877 on muldoon hill colorado

29
Q

Gigantism/Acromegaly

A

A rare condition that causes abnormal growth in children and adolescents in increased height caused by growth hormone or tumor on pituitary gland Acromegaly: dignosed in adults 30-50 abnormal growth of hands feet and face

30
Q

Cro Magnon

A

ancient not as old as neandertals but was more modern looking making first true human to be french

31
Q

Piltdown man

A

discovered by charles dawson and a hoax of a human skull and a orangutan jaw broken up

32
Q

Taung baby

A

discovered by raymond dart and his interpretation of it was ignored

33
Q

Homo erectus

A

oldest known early humans to have possesed modern human like body

34
Q

Homo sapiens

A

wise human

35
Q

neanderthalensis

A

human from the neander valley

36
Q

Clovis period

A

period of time named from its distinctive stone and bone tool industry originally thought to be the first people in the Americas Meadowcroft pennslyvania and monte verde

37
Q

assumptions of science

A

there is a real and knowable universe
the universe operates according to laws- laws are immutable- the laws can be studied revealed and understood

38
Q

Solutrean culture

A

Solutrean culture was short lived and dissapeared before clovis and neo nazis believed they were in amarica first using Solutrean hypothesis

39
Q

Paleoindian period

A

end of the last ice age when humans first appeared in the archeological record in North America

40
Q

Convergence of
evidence

A

the way that different and independent sources all support one conclusion over another

41
Q

Onondaga

A

area near new york where cardiff giant was found the Onondaga people had myths about giants

42
Q

Polygenesis

A

the hypothetical origination of language or of a surname from a number of the independent sources in different places at different times

43
Q

L’Anse aux Meadows

A

One of the villages where these norse visitors stayed has been found newfoundland

44
Q

Point Rosee

A

Possible site Parcak identified an area suggesting the presence of remains of Norse structures

45
Q

Zhoukoudien

A

had one of the first specimens of Homo erectus

46
Q

Neander valley

A

fossil found that was similar to those of modern humans (neandertals)

47
Q

Cro-Magnon

A

southwestern france found modern skeletons that looked older than neandertals

48
Q

Trinil, Java

A

on the solo river where the java man was found

49
Q

Taung, South africa

A

taung baby was found

50
Q

Gault site, texas

A

Gault site is where clovis stuff was found

51
Q

Sandia cave, new mexico

A

stone arrow, baskey scraps and skeletal remains of ice age animals such as the mastadone

52
Q

Monte Verde, chili

A

artifacs such as spears were found

Archeology (3 decks)

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