MIDTERM 01 - Acid, Bases, pH, and Equilibria in Acid-Base Solutions

Question 1

Stands for power/potential of hydrogen; is a quantitative measure of the acidity and alkalinity of liquid solutions

Answer 1

pH

Question 2

The pH of the human body ranges between __________ to __________

Answer 2

7.35 to 7.45

Question 3

Is caused by an overproduction of acid that builds up in the blood

Answer 3

Acidosis

Question 4

Excessive loss of bicarbonate from the blood

Answer 4

Metabolic acidosis

Question 5

Buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood that results from poor lung function or depressed breathing

Answer 5

Respiratory acidosis

Question 6

Is a condition in which the body fluids have excess base

Answer 6

Alkalosis

Question 7

Is an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration of the blood, resulting in a decrease in pH

Answer 7

Acidemia

Question 8

Is a decrease in the hydrogen ion concentration in the blood, resulting in an increase in pH

Answer 8

Alkalemia

Question 9

3 ways on how pH level can be measured

Answer 9

pH strips/paper, pH indicators, pH meter

Question 10

2 methods of pH determination

Answer 10

Electrometric, colorimetric

Question 11

Is based on the property of acid-base indicator dyes, which produce color depending on the pH of the sample

Answer 11

Colorimetric method

Question 12

Is a chemical added in a small amount to a solution that causes a color change depending on the pH

Answer 12

pH indicator/acid-base indicator

Question 13

Is a method used to determine the pH level of a sample using ion-sensitive electrodes

Answer 13

Electrometric method

Question 14

Is a laboratory equipment being used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Answer 14

pH meter

Question 15

Is a species that produces H+ ions in water solution

Answer 15

Arrhenius acid

Question 16

Is a species that produces OH- ions in water solution

Answer 16

Arrhenius base

Question 17

Is a species that accepts an electron pair

Answer 17

Lewis acid

Question 18

Is a species that donates an electron pair

Answer 18

Lewis base

Question 19

Is a proton donor

Answer 19

Bronsted-Lowry acid

Question 20

Is a proton acceptor

Answer 20

Bronsted-Lowry base

Question 21

The species formed when a proton is removed from an acid

Answer 21

Conjugate base

Question 22

The species formed when a proton is added to a base

Answer 22

Conjugate acid

Question 23

Is used to indicate the strength of an acid

Answer 23

pKa value

Question 24

Depends on the concentration of weak acid; increasing as the acid is diluted

Answer 24

Percent ionization

Question 25

Is an acid that contains one ionizable hydrogen atom

Answer 25

Monoprotic acid

Question 26

Is an acid that contains more than one ionizable hydrogen atom

Answer 26

Polyprotic acid

Question 27

Any solution containing appreciable amounts of both a weak acid and its conjugate base and is highly resistant to changes in pH

Answer 27

Buffers

Question 28

Is the pH range over which the buffer is effective

Answer 28

Buffer range

Question 29

The point in which the reaction is complete and equivalent quantities of acid and base have reacted

Answer 29

Equivalence point

Question 30

The point at which the analyte changes color

Answer 30

End point