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MWHS Geography 9 Paul > Middle Eastern Terms-Study Guide > Flashcards

Middle Eastern Terms-Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Occupied Territories

A

Land taken by Israel in the Six Day War, Included the Sinai Peninsula., Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, West Bank.

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2
Q

Allah

A

Islamic name for God

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3
Q

Covenant

A

Term for the agreement between the Jewish people and god.

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4
Q

Cradle of Civilization

A

Name for the Fertile Crescent due to the civilizations began there.

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5
Q

Diaspora

A

Term for the scattering of Jewish people after their expulsion.

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6
Q

Gulf States

A

Name given to the oil-rich nations located along the Persian Gulf.

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7
Q

Hebrews

A

Followers of Judaism who established a kingdom by the Jordan River around 1,000 BC.

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8
Q

Islam

A

Arabic word for “submission” or “surrender”.

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9
Q

Mandates

A

Territory put under another nation’s control.

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10
Q

Messiah

A

Name Christians call Jesus because he is believed to be their Savior.

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11
Q

OPEC

A

Group established in 1960 by oil producing countries to control the price of oil. (Organization of Petroleum Exporting)

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12
Q

People of the Book

A

Muslim name for Christians and Jews because they share the same scriptures.

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13
Q

PLO

A

Group organized to destroy Israel and establish a Palestinian State.

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14
Q

Promised Land

A

Name for Israel because it was given to the Jews by God.

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15
Q

The Prophet

A

Name given to Mohammed by Muslims.

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16
Q

Quran (Koran)

A

Holy book of Islam

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17
Q

Refugees

A

People forced to leave their homeland; refers to Palestinians today.

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18
Q

Sunni

A

Name for the larger sect of Muslims

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19
Q

Yahweh

A

Jewish name for God.

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20
Q

Zionism

A

Movement started in the late 1800’s to get a homeland for the Jews.

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21
Q

Balfour Declaration

A

issued by Britain in 1917, it promised the Jews a homeland in Palestine

22
Q

empty quarters

A

nickname for the Rub al Kali Desert due to the lack of life

23
Q

camp David accords

A

peace treaty between Israel & Egypt: Israel’s first with an Arab nation

24
Q

desalination

A

process of removing salt from ocean water used on Arabian Peninsula to increase amount of drinking water

25
Q

intifada

A

means “the shaking” ; Palestinian uprisings in the occupied territories

26
Q

Turkist straights

A

2 waterways that connect the Black Sea to the Mediterranean

27
Q

reformation

A

the split in the Catholic Church that began in the 1500’s

28
Q

Breadbasket in the desert

A

nickname for the Fertile Crescent because the land is good for farming

29
Q

Pan- Arabism

A

efforts to unify the Arab nations of the Middle East

30
Q

Islam

A

Arabic word of “submission” or “surrender”

31
Q

refugees

A

people forced to leave their homeland;refers to Palestine today

32
Q

Torah

A

sacred book of, and history of Jewish people

33
Q

fundamentalism

A

strict interpretation of the writings of Islam or Christianity

34
Q

oil politics

A

nations using their resources to gain concessions from other nations

35
Q

oasis

A

rare watering sites in deserts

36
Q

Hebrews

A

followers of Judaism who established a kingdom by the Jordan River around 1000BC

37
Q

Arab league

A

organization established by Gamel Abdel Nasser to end outsiders’ domination of some nations in the Middle East

38
Q

Protestant

A

Christian church began after the Reformation

39
Q

six day war

A

1967 conflict where Israel seized Arab lands

40
Q

chosen people

A

what the word “Judaism” means

41
Q

Trinity

A

Christians belief that “God” also includes Jesus & the Holy Spirit

42
Q

Resource curse

A

economic & political problems faced by nation that have a great deal of a valuable resource like oil, gold, or diamonds

43
Q

bedouin

A

a member of the Arab tribes that lives a nomadic life in the desert

44
Q

Sultan

A

term for a ruler of the Ottoman Empire

45
Q

Farsi

A

language of Persian in in Iran today

46
Q

crusades

A

several wars between Christians & Muslims around 1200 AD that were fought over control of the Holy Land

47
Q

dynasty

A

term for a hereditary line of rulers

48
Q

Gulf war

A

1990 invasion of Kuwait by Iraq resulting in outsiders intervening

49
Q

abayas

A

full-length, sleeveless garment worn by some Muslim women

50
Q

Anti- Semitism

A

discrimination against Jewish people

51
Q

fossil fuels

A

resource formed over millions of years from the remains of plants and aminals

52
Q

terrorism

A

use of violence to create fear for political reasons

MWHS Geography 9 Paul (9 decks)

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