middle ages vocab Flashcards
North atlantic drift
The North Atlantic drift is a warm ocean current off the coast of North America that is fed by the Gulf Stream, warms Europe.
Monastery
A Medieval Monastery was an enclosed and sometimes remote community of monks led by an abbot who shunned worldly goods to live a simple life of prayer and devotion.
Charlemagne
the king of the Franks and the founder of the Carolingian Empire. He also brought feudalism to europe
Holy Roman Empire
he varying complex of lands in western and central Europe ruled by the Holy Roman emperor, a title held first by Frankish and then by German kings for 10 centuries.
Feudalism
An imperial pyramid that has the most important person/people at the top and servants at the bottom
Manoralism
political, economic, and social system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were rendered dependent on their land and on their lord.
The Battle of Hastings
Battle that ended in the defeat of Harold II of England by William, duke of Normandy, and established the Normans as rulers of England
William The conqueror
William I and Harold Godwinson fought over who would be king, and you know who won
Monarch
an individual ruler who functions as head of state, like a king
Papacy
the office and jurisdiction of the bishop of Rome, the pope, who presides over the Holy See (the central government) of the Roman Catholic Church.
Magna Carta
the first document to put into writing the principle that the king and his government was not above the law
The Crusades
Holy wars between the Muslims and the Christians
Christians Muslims
1 1
They had a treaty in the last
battle
Pope Urban III
cardinal and archbishop of Milan
Saladin
A man who shocked the western world by defeating an army of the Christian Crusader states at the Battle of Hattin and then capturing Jerusalem in 1187.
Richard I
He is remembered for being a chivalrous medieval king; for battling Saladin during the Crusades; and for rebelling against his father, Henry II
The Black Death
A plague that took out millions and led to the decline in feudalism
The Hundred years war
A series of conflicts fought between England and France over succession to the French throne. It was Henry V vs Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc
She led the French army in a victory at Orléans in 1429 that repulsed an English attempt to conquer France during the Hundred Years’ War.
Henry V
was the king of England (1413–22) of the house of Lancaster, son of Henry IV. As victor of the Battle of Agincourt (1415, in the Hundred Years’ War with France), he made England one of the strongest kingdoms in Europe.
Reconquista
a centuries-long series of battles by Christian states to expel the Muslims (Moors), who from the 8th century ruled most of the Iberian Peninsula.
Queen Isabella
unified Spain through her marriage to Ferdinand II of Aragon, and she financed the expedition of Christopher Columbus, leading to the discovery of the Americas.
King Ferdinand
Ferdinand II was the king of Aragon and king of Castile (as Ferdinand V) from 1479, joint sovereign with Queen Isabella I.
Inquisition
a powerful office set up within the Catholic Church to root out and punish people who weren’t Christian
Iberian Peninsula
fragmentation of kingdoms and border disputes that characterized Early Modern Europe
