middle ages Flashcards
Where did the Middle Ages occur?
Europe
When did the Middle Ages occur?
Approximately 500-1500CE
After the fall of the Roman Empire
What was the first half of the Middle Ages called and why was it called this?
Dark Ages, because compared with other eras, historians don’t know much about this time.
In some ways, this period of time has been ‘lost to history’
Little records have survived.
What was the second half of the Middle Ages called and why was it called this?
Enlightenment
People became mor aware of things and began to emphasise reason, analysis and individualism
What contributed to the Middle Ages and what caused it?
The Fall of the Roman Empire
- It had become too big to manage and defend
- The gap between rich and poor became wider and this resulted in the peasants become poorer, more resentful and being taxed heavier
- Roman land management was poor and most Romans lacked farming skills, causing the volume of food crops to shrink
- Roman army commanders became less disciplined: fighting each other for roles such as emperor
When and where was the battle of Hastings?
1066, in England
Who fought in the battle of Hastings?
William, duke of Normandy
Kind Harald Godwineson of England
Short term result of the battle of Hastings?
William, duke of normandy, then known as William the conqueror, won
Long term results
William won and introduced Norman systems such as, feudalism and manorialism
What is Manorialism?
the principles and practises of the feudal system, so the duties and obligations each group performed for the other groups.
What is the Feudal System
The political and social hierarchy in the Middle Ages
Who introduced the Feudal System?
William the Conqueror introduced it to the Middle Ages
The Normans introduced it to France when they settled there in roughly 900CE
Feudal System Order
Monarch
Tenants in Chief
Sub-Tenants
Peasants
Why did he invent the feudal system
Developed the feudal system in response to the threats opposed by invaders such as tribal people moving into Western Europe (Barbarians)
Life in Medieval Europe - Clothing
Richer Party: Fur coats, Tunics, Hats & Stockings
Religious Workers: Maniples, Robes, Rings
Knights: Heavy Armour, Helmets, Swords
Peasants: Sheepskin Coats, Woollen Hats, Long Gowns
