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World History > Middle Ages > Flashcards

Middle Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

The rebuilt Greek city of Byzantium built by Constantine

A

Constantinople

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2
Q

Strait that links the Mediterranean and black seas

A

Bosporus

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3
Q

Helped Byzantium empires reach its greatest size

A

Justinian

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4
Q

Means holy wisdom. Was a church rebuilt by Justinian

A

Hagia Sophia

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5
Q

Corpus Juris Civilis or body of civil law

A

Justinians code

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6
Q

Sole ruler complete authority

A

Autocrat

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7
Q

Shrewd politician. Advisor and co ruler to Justinian

A

Theodora

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8
Q

Long period when Greek Roman Germanic and Christian traditions were blended

A

Medevial

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9
Q

One of the Germanic tribes that conquered parts of the Roman Empire

A

Franks

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10
Q

King of the franks, conquered the former Roman province of Gaul

A

Clovis

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11
Q

Believers in Islam

A

Muslims

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12
Q

Rallied Frankish warriors when a Muslim army crossed into France

A

Charles Martel

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13
Q

Christian warriors triumphed. The victory was a sign god was on their side

A

Battle of Tours

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14
Q

Charles the great. Founder of the empire

A

Charlemagne

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15
Q

Asked Charlemagne for help against the rebellious nobles in Rome

A

Pope Leo III

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16
Q

“Second Rome”, where Charlemagne hoped to make his capital

A

Aachen

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17
Q

Split the empire of Charlemagne into three regions

A

Treaty of Verdum

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18
Q

Nomadic people that overran Eastern Europe and attacked the Byzantium empire

A

Magyars

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19
Q

Most destructive raiders

A

Vikings

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20
Q

Set up a short-lived Viking colony on the continent of North America

A

Leif Erickson

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21
Q

Became the basis for the political and economic system that governed life in the Middle Ages and beyond

A

Feudalism

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22
Q

Exchange of pledges, under this system a powerful lord granted his vassal a fief

A

Feudal Contract

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23
Q

Estate

A

Fief

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24
Q

Mounted warrior

A

Knight

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25
Q

Mock battles

A

Tournaments

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26
Q

Lords homes that were fortified to withstand attack

A

Castles

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27
Q

Medieval noblewoman who took an active hand in politics. Inherited vast lands in southwestern France

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine

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28
Q

Code of conduct adopted by knights in the later Middle Ages

A

Chivalry

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29
Q

Wandering musician poets

A

Troubadours

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30
Q

Lords estate

A

Manor

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31
Q

Under this the lord of the manor exercised legal and economic power over the peasants who lived on the estates

A

Manor system

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32
Q

Peasants bound to the land. Not slaves but not free

A

Serfs

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33
Q

Sacred rites of the church

A

Sacraments

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34
Q

Tax paid each year to the church. Tax equal to a tenth of Christian’s income

A

Tithes

35
Q

Medieval writer

A

Geoffrey Chaucer

36
Q

Larger Churches

A

Cathedrals

37
Q

Monk that organized the monastery of Monte Cassino in central Italy

A

Benedict

38
Q

Used by montarte rise and convents across Europe

A

Benedictine rule

39
Q

Served as abbess heading her own convent. Composed religious music, wrote scholarly books

A

Hildegard of Bingen

40
Q

Non religious

A

Secular

41
Q

Authority over all secular rulers

A

Papal supremacy

42
Q

Body of laws developed by the church

A

Canon Law

43
Q

Most severe and terrifying penalty. People cut off from the church and it’s sacraments

A

Excommunication

44
Q

An order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from receiving most sacraments and Christian burial

A

Interdict

45
Q

Periods of peace. Demanded that fighting stop between fridays and sundays and on religious holidays

A

Truce of God

46
Q

Blending of Jewish and Christian teachings

A

Judeo -Christian ideas

47
Q

A former monk, became pope and extended the Cluniac reforms throughout the entire church

A

Gregory VII

48
Q

Monks who traveled widely preaching to the poor, especially in Europe’s growing towns

A

Friars

49
Q

Wealthy Italian who founded the first order of friars the Franciscans

A

St Francis of Assisi

50
Q

Spanish reformer who set up a preaching order of friars to work in the larger world

A

St Dominic

51
Q

Worked to teach people about official Christian doctrines so they would not be tempted into heresies

A

Dominicans

52
Q

Prejudice against Jews

A

Anti-Semitism

53
Q

Practice of lending money at interest

A

Usury

54
Q

Schism

A

Great Divide

55
Q

East

A

Byzantine Christian’s

56
Q

Roman Catholics

A

West

57
Q

Byzantine ruler restored the use of these

A

Icons

58
Q

Permanent split between eastern and western Christianity

A

Great Schism

59
Q

Byzantine Christianchurch became known as this

A

Eastern Orthodox Church

60
Q

High ranking clergy

A

Patriarchs

61
Q

New way of rotating crops where one field was planted with grain, a second with legumes, like peas and beans and the third they left un planted

A

Three field system

62
Q

Kind of crop such as peas and beans

A

Legumes

63
Q

Where traders loaded their wares onto pack mules and headed north to Flanders

A

Venice

64
Q

Written document that set out the rights and privileges of the town

A

Charter

65
Q

Money for investment

A

Capital

66
Q

Groups of merchants made these in order to pool their funds to finance a large scale venture that would be too costly as individuals

A

Partnership

67
Q

Paid rent for their land

A

Tenant Farmers

68
Q

Class between nobles and peasants

A

Middle class

69
Q

Associations formed by merchants and artisans

A

Guilds

70
Q

Trainee

A

Apprentice

71
Q

Salaried workers

A

Journeymen

72
Q

A series of wars in which Christian’s battled Muslims for control of land in the Middle East

A

Crusades

73
Q

Migrated from Central Asia to middle east where they converted to Islam. They overran most Byzantine lands in Asia Minor and extended their power over the holy land

A

Seljuks

74
Q

Area that included Jerusalem and other places where Christian’s believe Jesus had lived and preached

A

Holy Land

75
Q

Was asked by Alexius I for Christian knights to help him fight the Muslim Turks

A

Pope Urban II

76
Q

Where Urban incited bishops and nobles to action

A

Council of Clermont

77
Q

Able Muslim leader that took over Jerusalem. He later reopened the holy city to Christian pilgrims

A

Saladin

78
Q

Most admires French ruler of this time. Embodied the ideal of the medieval monarch, he was generous noble and devoted to justice and the rules of chivalry

A

Louis IX

79
Q

English king, led a crusade that added greatly to his prestige

A

Richard I

80
Q

Young Venetian who set out for china with his merchant father and uncle. After staying there he returned and wrote a book about Chinese civilization

A

Marco Polo

81
Q

Muslims that carried Islamic civilization to Spain

A

Moors

82
Q

Christian’s Campaign to drive Muslims from Spain

A

Reconquista

83
Q

Using their combined forces they made a final push against the Muslim stronghold of Granda

A

Ferdinand and Isabella

84
Q

Church court set up to try people accused of heresy

A

Inquisition

World History (5 decks)

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