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World History > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

where Sumerian civilizations rose 5,000 years ago

A

Tigris and Euphrates River

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2
Q

area that stretches in an arc from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea.

A

Fertile Crescent

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3
Q

means “between the rivers.”

A

Mesopotamia

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4
Q

where the world’s first civilization developed in southeastern Mesopotamia

A

Sumer

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5
Q

a long narrative poem that describes a great flood that destroys the world

A

Epic of Gilgamesh

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6
Q

some of the worlds first great cities

A

Ur and Uruk

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7
Q

pyramid temples that soared towards the heavens

A

Ziggurats

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8
Q

system of ranking groups

A

Hierarchy

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9
Q

earliest known writing. Comes from Latin word cuneus for wedge because scribes wrote by making wedge shaped marks on clay tables

A

Cuneiform

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10
Q

ruler of akkad who invaded and conquered the city states of Sumer

A

Sargon

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11
Q

king of Babylon. Brought much of Mesopotamia under the control of his empire

A

Hammurabi

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12
Q

remarkable set of laws made by hammurabi made to ensure unity

A

Code of Hammurabi

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13
Q

arrange and set down in writing, all the laws that would govern a state

A

Codify

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14
Q

dealt with murder, assault, and theft

A

Criminal Laws

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15
Q

dealt with private rights and matters such as business contracts property inheritance, taxes, marriage and divorce

A

Civil Laws

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16
Q

conquerors that brought new skills to the region

A

Hitties

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17
Q

People who invaded the Fertile Crescent. Handy nomads who settled on the upper
Tigris as early as 2000 BC

A

Assyrians

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18
Q

where one of the worlds first libraries was founded by king assurbanipal

A

Nineveh

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19
Q

aggressive and ruthless king who revived the power of Babylon

A

Nebuchadnezzar

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20
Q

led armies that took over Babylon and controlled a wide sweep of territory stretching from Asia Minor to India

A

Cyrus the Great

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21
Q

emperor who ruled from 522 bc to 486 bc. Skilled organizer set up bureaucracy

A

Darius I

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22
Q

system of managing government through various bureaus or departments run by appointed officials

A

Bureaucracy

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23
Q

exchange of one set of goods or services for another

A

Barter Economy

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24
Q

where people pay for goods and services by exchanging tokens of an agreed value, such as coins

A

Money Economy

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25
Q

Persian thinker who put forward religious beliefs and helped to unite the empire

A

Zoroaster

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26
Q

gained fame as sailors and traders, occupied a string of cities along eastern Mediterranean coast, in the area that today is Lebanon and Syria

A

Phoecians

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27
Q

territory settled and ruled by people from another land

A

Colony

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28
Q

system of writing that uses symbols to represent a single basic sound such as a consonant or vowel

A

Alphabet

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29
Q

has a different belief system for the first three generations as oppose to nearby people because they were monotheistic

A

Israelites/Hebrews

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30
Q

believing that there was only one god

A

Monotheistic

31
Q

most sacred text, tells the history of the ancient Israelites and their continuing relationship with God

A

Torah

32
Q

considered father of Israelites and their religion Judaism

A

Abraham

33
Q

Israelites religion, monotheistic

A

Judaism

34
Q

promise and agreement

A

Covenant

35
Q

Israelite who renewed gods covenant with the Israelites

A

Moses

36
Q

strong and wise second king of Israel, established Jerusalem as its national capital, led successful military campaigns creating secure borders for Israel

A

David

37
Q

David’s son who followed him as king

A

Solomon

38
Q

means that men held the greatest legal and moral authority

A

Patriarchal

39
Q

a set of laws that Jews believe god gave to them through Moses

A

Ten Commandments

40
Q

holy day for rest and worship

A

Sabbath

41
Q

spiritual leaders that emerged to interpret gods will who also reminded Jewish people of their duties

A

Prophetsn

42
Q

moral standards of behavior

A

Ethics

43
Q

the spreading out of Jewish people

A

Diaspora

44
Q

rich irrigated land along the Nile, no more than 10 miles wide

A

Black Land

45
Q

sun baked desert that stretches across North Africa

A

Red Land

46
Q

stretched from niles first cataract of the Nile northward to within 100 miles of the Mediterranean Sea

A

Upper Egypt

47
Q

waterfall

A

Cataract

48
Q

triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers

A

Delta

49
Q

king of upper Egypt who United the two regions and set up his capital at Memphis near the Nile delta

A

Menes

50
Q

ruling family

A

Dynasty

51
Q

Egyptian rulers that organized a strong centralized state

A

Pharaohs

52
Q

chief minister who was depended on by a pharaoh to supervise the government

A

Vizier

53
Q

Old kingdom. During this time the Egyptians built the majestic pyramids

A

Pyramid Age

54
Q

foreign invaders who occupied the Nile delta region

A

Hyksos

55
Q

outstanding ruler of new kingdom who reigned from 1472 bc to 1457 bc

A

Hatshepsput

56
Q

stepson of hatshepsut that took over as pharaoh once he reached adulthood

A

Thutmose III

57
Q

later pharaoh who won fame for his military victories. Pushed Egyptian control northward bringing Syria under Egyptian rule

A

Ramses II

58
Q

south of Egypt a kingdom that developed along the Nile

A

Nubia

59
Q

sun god who was the chief god in Egypt

A

Amon-Re

60
Q

god and goddes related to more by Egyptians, their stories touched human emotions such as love, jealousy, and fear of death

A

Osiris and Isis

61
Q

jealous brother of Osiris who killed him

A

Set

62
Q

used to survive the dangerous journey of the underworld. Contained spells charms and magic formulas meant to help the dead in the afterlife

A

Book of the Dead

63
Q

preservation of dead bodies by embalming them and wrapping them In cloth

A

Mummification

64
Q

pharaoh who’s tomb remained untouched for more than 3,000 years

A

Tutankhamen

65
Q

means he who serves Aton. Was a pharaoh who devoted his life to the worship of Aton

A

Akhenaton

66
Q

form of picture writing developed by the ancient Egyptians. Used to keep important records

A

Hieroglyphics

67
Q

made to make paper like writing material, a plant that grows along the Nile

A

Papyrus =

68
Q

figure out the meaning of

A

Decipher

69
Q

flat black stone which has the same text carved in hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek

A

Rosetta Stone

70
Q

Mythical creature with the body of a lion and a human head. Egyptians thought of sphinxes as guardians of the entrances I’d temples or pyramids

A

Sphinx

71
Q

Egyptian story retold in different forms by other people

A

Tale of Sinuhe

72
Q

(2575 bc - 2130 bc) during this time pharaohs organized a strong centralized state

A

Old kingdom

73
Q

( 1938 bc - 1630 bc) turbulent period, Nile didn’t rise as much as the past, corruption and rebellions were common

A

Middle Kingdom

74
Q

(about 1539 bc - 1075 bc) = during this time powerful and ambitious pharaohs created a large empire

A

New Kingdom

World History (5 decks)

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