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Developmental Concepts > Middle Age > Flashcards

Middle Age Flashcards

1
Q

Middle Age Range

A

40-64 yrs, 11 months

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2
Q

Erikson’s conflict of middle age

A

Generativity vs. stagnation

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3
Q

Midlife Crisis

A

-Period of transition in life where someone struggles with their identity and self confidence
-40-60
-Affects men and women

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4
Q

Social Considerations

A

-What is this person’s role? (ex: parent and caregiver)
-What are their functional needs?

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5
Q

Vision Changes

A

-Presbyopia: loss of accommodative ability of lens (glasses may be needed)
-Reduced vision in dim light
-Increased sensitivity to glare
-Diminished color discrimination
-Risk of glaucoma increases

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6
Q

Hearing Changes

A

-Presbycusis: age-related hearing loss
-Begins with decline in detection of high frequencies and spreads to other tones
-Ability to distinguish sounds in close succession declines and human speech becomes harder to understand

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7
Q

Skin Changes

A

-Skin wrinkles, loosens, dries
-Age spots develop
-Precancerous lesions or spots

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8
Q

Muscle strength declines at

A

30

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9
Q

Each decade, how much muscle mass is lost?

A

5%

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10
Q

Increased occurrence of

A

Muscle strains

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11
Q

LE muscle strength is reduced by how much between 30-80?

A

40%

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12
Q

Incidence of osteoporosis

A

-10% of adults 50+
-10 million people
-Mostly women

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13
Q

Osteoporosis increases from middle to late adulthood

A

-Five fold in women (7-35%)
-Triples in men (3-11%)

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14
Q

Common fracture sites

A

Spine, hips, wrist

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15
Q

Osteoporosis treatment

A

-Diet with Ca and Vit D
-Weight bearing exercise
-Resistance training
-Bone strengthening medications

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16
Q

Coordination declines in

A

30’s

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17
Q

Age related changes in vestibular system begin in

A

40’s

18
Q

Vestibular changes

A

-Decreased number of sensory cells and nerve fibers in PNS
-Neural changes possible in vestibular nerve

19
Q

Common vestibular issues over 50

A

Dizziness and vertigo

20
Q

Vestibular cell reductions

A

-40% in hair cells
-36% in peripheral nerve fibers in adults over 70

21
Q

Impaired balance caused by

A

Deterioration in central vestibular integrative functions

22
Q

Threshold of excitation of vestibular nuclei

A

increases

23
Q

Vestibular system becomes unreliable when

A

visual and proprioceptive input conflicts

24
Q

Menopause

A

Ovaries begin to atrophy, causes a decline in estrogen and progesterone (stimulate menstrual cycle)

25
Q

Stages of menopause

A

Perimenopause, menopause, post menopause

26
Q

Perimenopause

A

-3-5 years before menopause
-Age varies, but most experience it in mid to late 40’s
-Can still get pregnant

27
Q

Perimenopause symptoms

A

-Estrogen and progesterone fluctuate
-Mood changes, irregular menstrual cycles, other menopausal symptoms

28
Q

Menopause definition

A

-Absence of menses for 12 months without other causes
-Can’t become pregnant
-Average age is 51

29
Q

Post-menopause

A

-Ovaries produce low levels of estrogen and progesterone, no more ovulation/menstruation
-Individuals may still experience symptoms of menopause and perimenopause

30
Q

Females in post-menopause are at an increased risk for

A

-Heart disease
-Osteoporosis
-Due to decrease in estrogen

31
Q

Andropause

A

-Symptoms men experience as their testosterone production levels decrease

32
Q

When does andropause start?

A

40

33
Q

Heart disease is what most common cause of death in people 45-64

A

2nd

34
Q

What percent of middle age Americans die from cardiovascular disease?

A

25%

35
Q

Changes in cardiopulmonary values with age

A

-Resting heart rate decreases
-BP increases
-Respiratory rate decreases

36
Q

Leading cause of death among people 45-64

A

Cancer

37
Q

From early to middle adulthood, death rate due to cancer multiplies

A

-Ten fold
-Accounts for 30% of midlife deaths in US

38
Q

Most common type of cancer in females

A

Breast

39
Q

Most common type of cancer in males

A

Prostate

40
Q

Second and third most common types of cancer in both genders

A

Lung, colon

Developmental Concepts (3 decks)

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