Mid Term Practical Flashcards
A species of pathogenic aerobic endospore forming bacterium is ____ and causes _______
Bacillus anthracis + anthrax
A species of anaerobic endospore forming bacterium is ____ + causes _____
Clostridium tetani + tetanus
Capsules may be made of
polysaccharides, glycoprotein, or polypeptides
Capsules may be made of
polysaccharides, glycoprotein, or polypeptides
Negative stains stain
everything except what you want to see
At the end of the endospore staining process
Endospores are green and vegetative cells are red/pink
At the end of the endospore staining process
Endospores are green and vegetative cells are red/pink
In acid fast stains
non-acid fast stains blue
acid-fast stains pink
What is used in acid-fast stain?
Carbol fuschin (2 min)
Acid alcohol
Methylene blue (1 min)
What is used in capsule stain?
Crystal violet (2 min)
Copper sulfate
What is used in endospore stain?
Malachite green (warmer) (5 min)
Malachite green (cooling) (5 min)
Safronin (2 min)
Who developed acid-fast stain?
Paul Ehrlich
Name of acid-fast used in the lab
Kinyoun
2 pathogenic species of mycobacterium are
Mycobacteria tuberculae + leprae
TB + leprosy
What parasite can be identified by acid fast?
Cryptosporidium and toxoplasma
Mycobacterium is filamentous (like a treebranch) and Nocardia is rod shaped
False
Where do used glass test tubes discard?
Discard rack
Where do used glass slides go?
Used slide basin
Where does broken glass go?
Broken glass container
Where do used latex gloves go?
Autoclave trash
Where do paper towels used in bench disinfection go?
Regular trash
Where does uncontaminated trash go?
Regular trash
Where do contaminated Petri plates go?
Autoclave trash
Where do qtip swab go?
Regular trash
How to calculate total magnification of an object?
Ocular (10x) x objective
Purpose of immersion oil
Decreases light refraction and loss of light
Define ubiquitous
Found everywhere
Define pure culture
Single genus + species
Define colony
Single bacteria divides by binary fission and grows large enough to be seen by naked eye
Define turbidity
Cloudiness which indicates growth
Define media
Nutrient material suitable for growth of microorganisms
Define innoculum
Sample of microbial culture
Define aseptic technique
Safely moving microbes without contaminating environment, oneself, or the microorganism
How much is in a pinpoint amt of bacteria?
1 mil
Why are agar plate labeled on bottom and inverted when incubated?
So condensation doesn’t disrupt colony formation
State the criteria used to describe a bacterial colony
Shape
Margin
Elevation
Colony
Order of gram stain
- CV (1 min) DIH2O
- Iodine (mordant) (1 min) DIH2O
- Acetone-alcohol (2-5 sec)
- Safronin (1 min) DIH2O
What color should Gram + and Gram -?
Gram + : purple (cocci)
Gram - : pink (bacilli)
What stains can show size, shape, and arrangment?
Simple and Differential
Two genera that can be seen in an acid-fast stain?
Mycobacterium + nocardia
What color should acid-fast and non-acid-fast bacteria?
Acid fast: Pink
Non acid fast: Blue
Two diseases caused by acid-fast bacteria?
TB + leprosy + nocardiosis + cyptosporidiosis
Why are acid fast bacteria acid fast and why do they stay pink?
The bacteria have a waxy wall made of mycolic acid that traps the carbol fuschin in. It resists decolorizing by acid-alcohol.
Steps in acid-fast stain?
- Carbol fuschin on filter paper (2 min on heat) DIH2O
- Acid alcohol (2-5 sec off heat) DIH2O
- Methylene blue (2 min off heat) DIH2O