Fungal diseases Flashcards
cell walls are made of (________) and they have (________) in their cell membrane.
Chitin; sterols
Fungi are euk/prok-aryotes
Eukaryotes
Are unicellular and non-filamentous.
Yeast
Is multi-cellular and filamentous. The filaments are called hyphae.
Mold
A mass of intertwined hyphae.
Mycelium
Any fungal infection
Mycosis
Can occur in the mouth (thrush), cutaneous (skin) and vagina.
Name disease + causatative organism
Disease: Candidiasis
Organism: Candida Albicans
The infection tends to expand circularly, hence the name ringworm. (________) is usually transmitted by fomites but it can be transmitted by direct contact with lesions. Ringworm is a zoonotic disease and it can be transmitted by dogs, cats, birds, rodents, rabbits, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs.
DERMATOPHYOSIS = Disease
Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton (causative organisms, molds)
Signs and symptoms of DERMATOPHYOSIS
Tinea captis (scalp) : itchy, red, circular bald spot
Tinea corporis (body): round, scaly lesions on the body
Tinea barbae (beard): scaly, itchy spots on cheeks, chin, upper neck
Tinea pedis (feet): red, raised lesions on feet
Tinea cruris (groin): red, raised lesions around groin + buttocks
Tinea unguium (nails): white patches or pits on nail surface
caused by the yeast Malassezia furfur. Malassezia furfur is part of the normal flora of the skin. Living in a hot climate, sweating a lot, having oily skin, and having a weak immune system increase risk for this infection.
**TINEA VERSICOLOR **= Disease
Malassezia furfur (causative organism, yeast)
Signs and Symptoms:
Depigmentation or hyperpigmentation patches of scaly skin resulting from fungal interference with melanin production. Typically occurs on the trunk, shoulders, and arms.
Its found in the Southwestern U.S and parts of Mexico and South America; most cases occur in Arizona and California. Transmission via inhalation of mold spores in disturbed soil and dust storms. It may go beyond the lungs and cause a systemic mycosis.
COCCIDIOMYCOSIS = Disease
Coccidioides immitis (causative organism, mold)
One to three weeks after infection fever, cough, night sweats, shortness of breath, headache, fatigue, muscle or joint pain, rash on upper body or legs.
Coccidiomycosis
This mold is endemic to the eastern United States along the Ohio River Valley. The spores are found in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings. When the soil is disturbed the spores become airborne and are inhaled. The mold starts in the lungs and may spread in the blood and the lymph and cause a systemic mycosis.
HISTOPLASMOSIS = Disease
Histoplasma capsulatum(causative organism, mold)
