Mid Term Essays Flashcards
Context/background: Evaluate the extent to which the political consequences of Britain’s Glorious Revolution differed from the political consequences of the French Revolution. Essay #3
One cause of the Glorious Revolution was that Protestants in England were frustrated because of the Stuart monarch’s catholic and absolutist policies. One cause of the French Revolution was the exploitation of the 3rd estate by the 1st and 2nd estate. The 3rd estate was forced to pay all of the taxes and only controlled 65% of the land, even though they made up 98% of the population.
Thesis/Claim: Evaluate the extent to which the political consequences of Britain’s Glorious Revolution differed from the political consequences of the French Revolution. Essay #3
To a certain extent
Argument/Reason #1 that supports claim: Evaluate the extent to which the political consequences of Britain’s Glorious Revolution differed from the political consequences of the French Revolution. Essay #3 (Claim: to a certain extent)
A similarly in the political consequences of the Glorious Rev. and the French Rev. is that documents that stressed basic rights and freedoms were adopted during both Revolutions.
Argument/Reason #2 that supports claim: Evaluate the extent to which the political consequences of Britain’s Glorious Revolution differed from the political consequences of the French Revolution. Essay #3 (Claim: to a certain extent)
A difference in the political consequences of the Glorious Revolution and the French Rev. is that there was violence in French but not in England.
Argument/Reason #1: Evaluate the general similarity to which the political consequences of Britain’s Glorious Revolution differed from the political consequences of the French Revolution. Essay #3
A similarity between the political consequences of the Glorious Rev. and the French Rev. is that documents that emphasized basic rights and freedoms were adopted during both revolutions
Essay#3 Detail #1 Reason#1: that supports similarity between the revolutions by documents that stressed basic rights and freedoms
The English Bill of Rights was adopted during the Glorious Revolution. This doc ensured Parliament’s superiority over the monarchy, abolished cruel or unusual punishment and stated that no one could be held in jail without being charged with a crime
Essay#3 Detail #2 Reason#1: that supports similarity between the revolutions by documents that stressed basic rights and freedoms
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was adopted during the liberal phrase of the French Rev. This doc championed the idea that government should protect the natural rights of citizens and gave all men equality and freedom of religion.
Essay#3 Detail#3 Reason#1: that supports similarity between the revolutions by documents that stressed basic rights and freedoms
Both the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen + the English Bill of Rights championed the idea of basic rights and freedoms
Essay#3 Why similarities between the revolutions by documents that stressed basic rights and freedoms emerged
The Enlightenment in the 17th-18th centuries inspired representatives in England and France. The Enlightenment stressed basic rights and freedoms. Locke was and Enlightenment thinker who believed that people had natural rights. Montesquieu was a Enlightenment thinkers who supported limited monarchy, which England had after the English Bill of Rights was adopted
Argument/Reason#2: Evaluate the general difference to which the political consequences of Britain’s Glorious Revolution differed from the political consequences of the French Revolution. Essay #3
A difference between the political consequences of the Glorious Rev. and the French Rev. is that there was violence in France but not in England
Essay#3 Detail#1 Reason#2: that supports the difference between the Glorious Rev. and French Rev. because of the violence in the French Rev
During the Glorious Revolution there was no violence. The transfer of power from James II to William and Mary was bloodless
Essay#3 Detail#2 Reason#2: that supports the difference between the Glorious Rev. and French Rev. because of the violence in the French Rev
During the radical phrase of the French Rev. the Jacobins formed the Committee of Public Safety, whose leader was Robespierre
Essay#3 Detail#3 Reason#2: that supports the difference between the Glorious Rev. and French Rev. because of the violence in the French Rev
Between 1793-1794, Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety executed thousands suspected of treason. This was called the Reign of Terror
Essay#3 Why this differences emerged that there was violence in France but not in England during the revolutions.
The cause of all the violence in France during the French Rev. is that the Jacobins feared any threat to the new French Republic. They created the Committee of Public Safety and began the Reign of Terror in attempts to rid France of its internal (peasant revolts) and external (war with Austria and Prussia) threats
Complex Understanding Essay#3 describe an additional similarity/difference between the political consequences of the French Revolution and the Glorious Revolution
Another difference between the political consequences of the Glorious Rev. and the French Rev. is the difference in types of government after the Revolution. After the Glorious Rev.,England became a limited monarchy, with Parliament overseeing the monarchy. After the French Rev., the Congress of Vienna met to restore stability in France after the Napoleonic Wars, so they returned all all monarchies to power that had ruled before Napoleon. So the limited monarchy was restored in France. This was because Klemons von Metternich, a conservative that supported tradition and monarchy, was the leader of the Congress of Vienna.
Context/background: Describe and explain significant continuities and changes in attitudes toward and the experiences of European women from the Reformation through the Enlightenment. Essay#2
Despite being considered a time of great achievement, the Renaissance was a time of deprivation of women’s status in the higher classes. These women were rarely accepted into learning institutions, and prohibited from joining guilds.
Argument/Reason #1 Essay#2: Continuities and changes in attitudes toward and the experiences of European women from Ref through Enlightenment
A common continuation throughout the Reformation to the Enlightenment was the mistreatment and persecution of women who did not fit the stereotypical domestic ideal
Argument/Reason #2 Essay#2: Continuities and changes in attitudes toward and the experiences of European women from Ref through Enlightenment
A distinct change in the attitude of women was, the beginning of demanding rights in the Enlightenment and the French Revolution which was not present during the Renaissance and the Reformation.
Essay#2 Detail#1 Reason#1: Continuation of mistreatment and persecution of women who did not fit the stereotypical domestic ideal
During the 1500’s, women who refused to convert to the religion of the land or, since Europe was a patriarchal society, if women were not married they were suspected of witchcraft and executed.
Essay#2 Detail#2 Reason#1: Continuation of mistreatment and persecution of women who did not fit the stereotypical domestic ideal
An effect of the Protestant Ref was the closing of monasteries and nunneries, after secular rulers seized church lands. This heavily hurt women as they could no longer access books and education easily.
Essay#2 Detail#3 Reason#1: Continuation of mistreatment and persecution of women who did not fit the stereotypical domestic ideal
During the Radical phrase of the French Rev., the Jacobins feared female activism because they believed it threatened order and the new French Rep.. The result was the French Assembly banned women’s organizations.
Essay#2 Why women continued to be persecuted and mistreated from the Reformation to the Enlightenment.
This continuity emerged due to the patriarchal society and they must be married and supervised by a man otherwise chaos would ensue.
Essay#2 Detail#1 Reason#2: Change began to occur through the Enlightenment where women began to fight for rights.
Women in the Enlightenment hosted salons, where conversations about political policies, economic issues, art and literary topics. The salons and salonnieres (women that ran the salons) could make or break these conversationalist’s careers. The salonnieres began to better their lives as they could meet and marry a man of higher social ranking.
Essay#2 Detail#2 Reason#2: Change began to occur through the Enlightenment where women began to fight for rights.
Mary Wollstonecraft was an English Enlightenment thinker who was considered to be one of the earliest feminists. She wrote “A Vindication of the Rights of Women” in which she demanded equal rights for women.
Essay#2 Detail#3 Reason#2: Change began to occur through the Enlightenment where women began to fight for rights.
Since the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen in France did not apply to women, French feminist and author Olympe de Gouges wrote the “Declaration of the Rights of Woman” demanding women’s suffrage.
Essay#2: Why women started demanding rights during the Enlightenment
As the Enlightenment and Scientific Rev. influenced higher thinking of mankind, women were inspired to challenge the patriarchal society and demand rights.
Complex Understanding: describe an additional continuity/change between the attitudes and experiences of women from the Reformation through the Enlightenment.
An additional continuity was the belief women are more inferior to men and their place was in the home. This idea lasted through the Reformation and the Enlightenment. Women were cast aside and the Enlightenment thinkers, like Rousseau, did not view their rights as important.
