microscopy Flashcards
A laboratory instrument designed for detailed examination of objects and specimens too small to be seen with the naked eye.
microscope
- impt in clinical research settings
- observe microorganisms, cells, tissue sample to diagnose disease and support
Enlarges the image of small objects for better visualization
magnification
sample is dark against white background
bright field microscope
- white background form the light source
Distinguishes between two closely situated points to reveal intricate details
resolution
higher resolution = good light source, good objective lens
Provided adequate light to observe transparent or thin specimens
illumination
- Light source > condenser > iris diaphragm
- depends on light source and objectives
Techniques like staining and phase contrast improves visibility of specimen features.
contrast enhancement
- the higher the refractive index, more light enters the objectives = better visualization
Ratio of the apparent size of an object as seen through the microscope and the actual size of
the object
magnification
process of enlarging the appearance of an object, making it look bigger than its actual size
magnification
Ability of the lens to clearly separate or distinguish two points of two lines individually in the image
resolution
- determined by shortest wavelength of visible light and maximum numerical aperture
A measurement of the ability of the condenser and the objective lens to gather light
numerical aperture
Thickness of the object that may be seen at one time under focus
focal length
Distance between the front lens of the objective lens and the top of the cover glass when the specimen is in focus
working distance
- Higher objective = nearer it is to its working distance
Refers to the quality of the objectives and eyepiece where practically no change in focus has to be made when objective is substituted for another
Parfocal
- shld not be much adjustments will be made when transferring to another objective lens whether using a fine or coarse adjustment knob
Bending of light rays away from the objective lens when light passes from the glass of the microscope slide to the air
refractive index
The area a person can view through a microscope
field of view
- a circle represents it
- read through clock formation
if in the position of 4 o clock, its in the middle
- As magnification increases, field of view decreases
- As you switch from scanning (40X) to high power (100X), the area you see through the microscope gets smaller but much more detailed
formula to find magnification and total magnification
index card
utilize when light is not equal on the left and right, adjusted according to your vision
diopter adjustment
Holds the objective lenses and allows for easy switching between them
Nosepiece
Magnify specimens, typically from 4x to 100x for detailed observation
Objective Lenses
Holds the slide in place on the stage so it doesn’t move while you’re viewing the specimen
Stage Clips
Where the specimen slide is placed for observation often with clips to secure it
stage
Illuminates the specimen from beneath commonly used for transparent samples
bottom light
Magnifies the specimen for observation located at the top of the microscope
eyepiece lens
Holds the eyepiece lens for comfortable viewing on a microscope
Eyepiece Tube
