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Fundamentals of Botany Lab > Microscopy > Flashcards

Microscopy Flashcards

1
Q

instrument that magnifies objects that are too small to be seen

A

microscope

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2
Q

produces an image that appears larger

A

microscope

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3
Q

used to magnify an image of an object

A

lens

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4
Q

microscope parts can be classified as

A

mechanical/supporting
magnifying
illuminating

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5
Q

parts of microscope that is used to support and adjust the parts

A

mechanical/supporting

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6
Q

parts of the microscope that is used to enlarge the specimen

A

magnifying

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7
Q

part of the microscope that is not only used to provide light but to see a clear image of the object being magnified

A

illuminating

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8
Q

label the parts of the microscope (refer to picture in your gallery)

A

labeled all parts correctly - 5 points
lower a level after each incorrect answer

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9
Q

also known as ocular lenses, typically 10x, but also come in 5x, 15x, and 20x varieties

A

eyepiece

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10
Q

adjustable so that you can keep both eyes when looking into the microscope

A

interocular distance

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11
Q

also called revolving nosepiece or turret, structure holds the objective lenses

A

nose piece

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12
Q

lens closes to the object being viewed

A

objective lenses

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13
Q

varieties of ocular lenses

A

5x
10x
15x
20x

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14
Q

area is the main, flat plate that holds the slides for observation

A

stage

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15
Q

most useful at higher powers, typically a five hole disc housed under the stage to adjust the amount of light passing through the stage opening

A

diaphragm

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16
Q

each opening of the diaphragm is a different diameter controlling how much light passes through to

A
  • help properly illuminate the specimen
  • increasing contrast and resolution
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17
Q

bottom support structure of the microscope

A

base

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18
Q

main section of the microscope minus the stand or any illuminators

A

body

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19
Q

generally include the eyepiece, objective lenses, but no the focusing block

A

body

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20
Q

the area of the microscope between the tube and the base

A

arm

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21
Q

controls the power to the microscope

A

on/off switch

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22
Q

the larger of two adjustment knobs that moves the objective lenses closer or farther away from the specimen in large steps

A

coarse adjustment knob

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23
Q

the smaller of two adjustment knobs moves the object lenses closes or farther away from the specimen in very small steps

A

fine adjustment knob

24
Q

the mechanical stage allows for adjustment of slide position, forward, backward, and left to right

A

stage adjustment knob

25
Q

different magnifications of objective lenses

A

4x
10x
40x
100x

26
Q

scanner

A

4x

27
Q

low power

A

10x

28
Q

high power

A

40x

29
Q

oil immersion

A

100x

30
Q

specifically designed to be used with immersion oil

A

100x oil immersion objective
]

31
Q

how to calculate the total magnification

A

eyepiece power x power of the objective lens

32
Q

serves as a bridge between the lens and glass plate containing the specimen

A

oil

33
Q

can cause some of the light to be lost when using the lens without immersion oil

A

refraction

34
Q

the process of enlarging something only in appearance, not in physical size

A

magnification

35
Q

two lens system

A

ocular lens, objective lens

36
Q

also known as resolution, is the ability of a lens to show adjacent objects as separate entities

A

resolving power

37
Q

circular observable area which is largest on the lowest power objective then closes in towards the center as you increase power

A

field of view (FOV)

38
Q

required for efficient magnification and resolving power

A

illumination

39
Q

greatest on the lowest power objective, reduced when switching to a higher power

A

depth of focus

40
Q

how to use a compound microscope

A

1 . place the microscope at least 6 inches away from the edge of the table
2. unwind the cord and plug it
3. check the LPO (or scanner) into position, check if the condenser is below the stage and move the stage into its highest position
4. turn on the light source and adjust to a medium setting
5. put the prepared slide on the stage and move it in the center of the stage
6. center to the field of view the specimen you want to magnify
7. go from scanner to lpo to hpo and oio
8. after using, lower the stage and remove the slide, wipe of the cedar oil with lens paper
9. shift the scanner into the position
10. turn off the light source, unplug and wrap the power cord

41
Q

how to care for your microscope

A
  1. carry the microscope in an upright position
    2.keep the microscope at least 6 inches away from the edge of the table
  2. never play with the microscope
  3. keep the microscope clean and dry
  4. before putting away, make sure scanner is in te working position
  5. do not pull on the wire when removing the plug
  6. return the microscope carefully
42
Q

kinds of microscope

A

Brightfield
Darkfield
Phase-Contrast
Fluorescent
Electron

43
Q

microscope that contains two lens systems for magnifying specimens: ocular lens and objective lens

A

brightfield microscope

44
Q

what light is used to illuminate specimens in a brightfield microscope

A

tungsten light

45
Q

microscope where the specimens appear dark against a bright background

A

brightfield microscope

46
Q

microscope where condenser system is modified so that the specimen is not illuminated directly

A

darkfield microscope

47
Q

in darkfield microscopes, condenser directs the light in what direction so that the light is deflected or scattered

A

obliquely

48
Q

observation of microorganism in an unstained state is possible, includes special objectives and condenser that makes cellular components visible

A

phase-contrast microscope

49
Q

appears dark against a light background`

A

phase-contrast microscope

50
Q

used most frequently to visualize specimens that are chemically tagged with a fluorescent dye

A

fluorescent microscope

51
Q

detection of antigen-antibody reactions where antigen are conjugated with a dye that becomes excited in the presence of UV light

A

fluorescent microscope

52
Q

becomes visible against a dark background

A

fluorescent portion

53
Q

provides a revolutionary method of microscopy, with magnifications up to one million

A

electron microscope

54
Q

used for visualizing surface characteristics instead of intracellular structures

A

electron microscope

55
Q

require specimens that are thinly prepared, fixed, and dehydrated

A

electron microscope

56
Q

how to compute for the HPO field diameter (HPF)

A

HPF = Magnification (LPO)/ Magnification (HPO) * LPF

Fundamentals of Botany Lab (5 decks)

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