Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) - SMALL CELL Flashcards
In small vessel vasculitis arterioles, capillaries and venules are affected. Which immune cell has been identified as a cause of small cell vasculitis?
1 - B cells
2 - T cells
3 - NK cells
4 - neutrophils
1 - B cells
- specifically targets granuloes (neutrophils, basinophils and eosinophils)
In small vessel vasculitis arterioles, capillaries and venules are affected. B cells produce antibodies against granuoles (neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils). What are these antibodies called?
1 - granuoles antibodies
2 - rheumatoid factor
3 - anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)
4 - MHC-I antibodies
3 - anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)
In small vessel vasculitis arterioles, capillaries and venules are affected. B cells produce antibodies against granuoles called anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs). What is the most common form of antibody produced?
1 - IgA
2 - IgG
3 - IgM
4 - IgD
2 - IgG
What is the peak age for the incidence of Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)?
1 - 25-45
2 - 45-50
3 - 55-65
4 - 60-75
3 - 55-65
Is Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) more common in Europeans of asians?
- asians, such as China and Japan
- GPA is more common in europeans
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a small vessel vasculitis. MPA results in a specific type of auto antibody to be released called perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCAs). pANCAs bind with a specific antigen on granules called what?
1 - myeloperoxidase
2 - elastin
3 - proteinase-3
4 - lipoprotein-3
1 - myeloperoxidase (MPO)
- MPO-ANCA
- some patients can also be positive for cytoplasmic anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (cANCA)
Which of the following small blood vessels in tissues is NOT typically affected by microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) ?
1 - nasopharynx (ear, nose and throat (ENT))
2 - heart and aorta
3 - airways and lungs
4 - kidneys
5 - skin
6 - eyes and PNS
2 - heart and aorta
- skin and kidneys are most commonly affected
- pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis is common in kidneys
- necrotizing inflammation affecting small-to-medium vessels
- granulomas are typically absent in MPA
Is the ear, nose and throat (ENT) more commonly affected in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) or granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)?
- granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)
- can occur in MPA, but less common
What markers of renal function in Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) are abnormal if the kidney is affected?
1 - proteinuria
2 - haematuria and red cell casts
3 - elevated creatinine
4 - urinary sediment
5 - all of the above
5 - all of the above
Which of the following is NOT a symptom patients typically present with in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) ?
1 - blood mucus from nose
2 - pain from sinusitis
3 - saddle nose
4 - SOB with blood on cough
5 - increased BP and urine output
5 - increased BP and urine output
- causes increased BP and and reduced urine output
- Saddle nose caused by bone and cartilage destruction
- SOB caused by interstitial lung disease, which can be detected in X-rays or CT scans, may also identify nasopharynx impairments
Which 2 of the following inflammatory markers are commonly raised in Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)?
1 - ESR
2 - CRP
3 - IL-6
4 - TNF-a
1 - ESR
2 - CRP
Which of the following is NOT a treatment used to induce induction in Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) when there is organ- or life-threatening implications?
1 - Glucocorticoids in combination with eitherrituximaborcyclophosphamide
2 - Plasma exchange
3 - Methotrexate
4 - Avacopan—C5a receptor inhibitor
3 - Methotrexate
- relapse is common because pANCA remains
Which of the following is NOT a treatment used in maintenance therapy in Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)?
1 - Azathioprine
2 - Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)
3 - Methotrexate
4 - Avacopan—C5a receptor inhibitor
4 - Avacopan—C5a receptor inhibitor
