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AUBF > Microscopic Examination (Part 1: Macroscopic Screening) > Flashcards

Microscopic Examination (Part 1: Macroscopic Screening) Flashcards

1
Q

recommends that microscopic examination be performed
when:
* requested by a physician
* when a laboratory specified patient population is being tested
* when any abnormal physical or chemical result is obtained

A

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

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2
Q

The purpose of the microscopic examination of the urinary
sediment is?

A
  • detect and to identify insoluble materials
    present in the urine.
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3
Q

These all contribute formed elements to the urine

5 ‘to

A
  • Blood
  • Kidney
  • Lower genitourinary tract
  • External contamination
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4
Q

T or F

Some components are of no clinical significance and are considered normal unless they are present in increased amounts, what two factors must be consdered in examination of urinary sediment?

A

Identification and quantification of elements

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5
Q

Abnormalities in the physical and chemical portions of the urinalysis play a primary role in the decision to perform a microscopic analysis, thus the use of the term?

A

Macroscopic screening

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6
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Parameters considered significant vary among laboratories?

A
  • Color
  • Clarity
  • Blood
  • Protein
  • Nitrite
  • Leukocyte esterase
  • Glucose (possibly)
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7
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
RBC (blood)

A

Color (red), cloudy
or turbid

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8
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
Squamous EC, WBC (confirm pathologic or non-patholpgic cause of turbidity)

A

Squamous, WBC

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9
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
Radiographic contrast media (X-ray dye)

A

Specific gravity >1.040

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10
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
RBCs, RBC casts

A

Blood

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11
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
Yeast

A

Glucose

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12
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
WBCs intact or lysed, WBC casts (bacteria in UTI)

A

Leukocyte esterase positive

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13
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
Bacteria (WBCs in UTI)

A

Nitrite positive

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14
Q

MACROSCOPIC SCREENING AND MICROSCOPIC CORRELATIONS

Identify the screening test for the following possible microscopic findings:
Increased casts and cells

A

Protein positive

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15
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

T or F
Specimens should be examined while fresh or properly preserved.

A
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16
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

These formed elements disintegrate rapidly, particularly in dilute alkaline
urine

A

RBCs, WBCs, and hyaline
casts

17
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

What concentration of urine does RBCs, WBCs, Hyaline casts disintegrate rapidly?

A

Dilute alkaline urine

high ph

18
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

You bring specimen to what temperature before centrifugation?

A

Room temperature

19
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

This temperature may cause precipitation of amorphous urates and phosphates and other non-pathologic
crystals that can obscure other elements in the urine sediment.

A

Refrigeration

20
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

This temperature may dissolve some of these crystals

A

Warming specimen to 37 c

prior to centrifuging

21
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

This method of collection minimizes external contamination of the sediment

A

Midstream clean-catch specimen

22
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

Dilute random specimens cause what results?

A

False-negative

23
Q

SPECIMEN PREPARATION

T or F

Shake specimen vigorously before transferring into a centrifuge tube

A

F (MIX specimen well before transferring into a centrifuge tube)

24
Q

SPECIMEN VOLUME

What is the standard amount of urine that is usually centrifuged in a conical tube?

A

between 10 and 15 mL

25
Q

SPECIMEN VOLUME

A standard amount of urine, usually between 10 and 15 mL,
is centrifuged in a ?

A

Conical tube

26
Q

SPECIMEN VOLUME

A

AUBF (10 decks)

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