microscopic anatomy of the heart and blood vessels anatomy

Question 1

cardiac muscles are striated with troponin T or F

Answer 1

T (troponin bc of the alternating thick and thin filaments)

Question 2

myofibrils are

Answer 2

bundle of protein filaments that contain the contractile elements of the cardiomyocyte

Question 3

Sarcomere

Answer 3

smallest contractile unit in the myofibril

Question 4

intercalated discs and gap junctions allow rapid flow of repolarization or depolarization signal?

Answer 4

depolarization signal

Question 5

cardiac muscles have rhythm and contract spontaneously T or F

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Light bands/I bands

Answer 6

thin filament - contain ACTIN

Question 7

Dark bands/A bands

Answer 7

thick filaments (run entire length) contain myosin

Question 8

tunica externa/adventitia contains what

Answer 8

collagen and elastic fibers

Question 9

tunica externa/adventitia roles

Answer 9

protects the vessel, prevent over expansion, anchors to surrounding tissue

Question 10

tunica media is a smooth muscle that contains

Answer 10

large arteries that have an external elastic lamina

Question 11

tunica intima 3 layers

Answer 11

1. endothelium - simple squamous epithelium
2. subendothelium - loose connective tissue, maiy larger vessels
3. basement membrane/internal elastic lamina

Question 12

capillaries also contain 3 vessel wall layers T or F

Answer 12

F, only tunica intima layer

Question 13

capillaries function

Answer 13

Connect arterial & venous systems, exchange nutrient, oxygen & waste

Question 14

3 types of capillaries

Answer 14

continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoidal

Question 15

continuous cap.

Answer 15

no pores or fenestrae ex. in muscle, connective tissue, & nervous tissue

Question 16

Fenestrated cap.

Answer 16

pores with a pore diaphragm ex. pancreas, endocrine glands, intestines

Question 17

Sinusoidal cap.

Answer 17

irregular channels or blood pools ex. liver, spleen, endocrine glands, pancreas & intestines

Question 18

arteries carry

Answer 18

oxygenated blood

Question 19

smallest type of artery and vein

Answer 19

arterioles (have narrow lumen and thick muscular wall involved in regulating vascular pressure)

venules can form venous plexi

Question 20

elastic arteries =

Answer 20

conducting arteries like aorta

Question 21

muscular arteries =

Answer 21

distributing arteries like tibial artery

Question 22

large veins have what kind of muscle and vessel wall

Answer 22

longitudinal smooth muscle + tunica externa

Question 23

cardiac muscle layers

Answer 23

from inner to outer layer
- Endocardium
- Myocardium
- Epicardium
- Pericardial cavity
- Parietal layer of serous pericardium
- Fibrous pericardium